Research On Energy Routing Protocol Of Wireless Sensor Networks Based On Vector Field

The importance and the prospect of wireless sensor network(WSN)are now quite clear due to its application in more and more disciplines.The WSN node's limited computing ability and energy have received much attention from researchers in different disciplines.The research on energy efficient routing protocol has been a hot topic on the WSN.This dissertation first reviews the current research and basic thought of routing protocols,summarizes the application of vector field theory in WSN,and introduces the main research points:studying the WSN energy efficiency routing from the viewpoint of vector field theory;establishing the hierarchical routing to increase the plane routing scalability;and establishing multipath routing to achieve network load balancing as far as possible.In this dissertation,firstly a vector field model based on fluid mechanics is established,analyzed and verified.Considering the data packet conflict in the WSN,a vector field model based on the N-S equation of viscous fluid is proposed.Based on the vector field,the WSN hierarchical multi-path routing is established and artificial fish-swarm algorithm is adopted to optimize intra cluster routing.Finally,the dissertation proposes a fish-swarm heuristic energy efficient routing algorithm based on vector field,which is compared with the classical routing algorithm in differences of a variety of performance indicators by simulation analysis.The contents and innovations of this research mainly include the following four aspects:(1)It puts forward a vector field model based on fluid mechanics.In the existing routing protocols of WSN,there are routing protocols based on both temperature field and electromagnetic field.However,through the analysis,it is found that there are many similarities between the transmission process of WSN data packets and the flow of fluid.Therefore,it introduces the fluid into the WSN and establishes the WSN source node vector field,the sink node vector field,and the load flow line from the source node to the sink node.The load vector field model based on Euler equation is established to solve the vector field by mathematical and physical equations,the density distribution function is established by the least squares method,thus,establishing the vector field model which can be expressed by mathematical and physical equations,i.e.the routing problem can be solved by means of the typical mathematical and physical equations.By simulation analysis,the vector field model based on fluid mechanics can realize the WSN routing more conveniently and efficiently.(2)It puts forward a vector field model based on the N-S equation.There is an interaction between the actual fluid micelles,called viscosity.In the flow of WSN datapackets,there will be collisions and conflicts,similar to viscous fluid viscosity.Euler equation is a differential equation of inviscid fluid which does not consider the interaction between fluid particles,thus unable to accurately describe the data flow in the WSN.To solve this problem,this dissertation establishes a vector field model based on viscous fluid N-S equation.By simulation analysis,it shows that the model can better describe the routing in the WSN,its flow direction of load flow field is more organized,and the load flows in order and in better balance.Moreover,the vector field model can be easily obtained by solving the N-S equation.(3)It puts forward the WSN hierarchical multi-path routing based on the vector field.Through the literature research,it is found that multipath routing can effectively improve the network load balancing while hierarchical routing can effectively improve the network lifetime,thus,both of them can effectively improve the WSN energy efficiency.On the basis of vector field based on N-S equation,the dissertation establishes the WSN multi-path routing by vector routing algorithm and establishes the WSN hierarchical routing by intercluster control algorithm,thus establishing a WSN hierarchical multipath routing based on vector field and laying a good foundation for establishing the energy efficiency routing model.(4)It puts forward a fish-swarm heuristic energy efficient routing model based on vector field.To improve the WSN energy efficiency,on the basis of the hierarchical multipath routing model based on vector field,the artificial fish-swarm algorithm is applied to optimize the routing model and the density distribution in the WSN is used as the food concentration of the artificial fish-swarm so as to increase the routing efficiency.The objective function of minimizing the energy consumption of the whole network is established by means of considering the energy consumption of each node.With the mathematical and physical equations of vector field the WSN energy efficient routing algorithm is obtained.By simulation analysis of the algorithm and the classical routing protocol algorithm,it's found that the energy efficient routing algorithm put forward by this dissertation works very well in the indicators including network delay,throughput,successful d elivery rate,energy consumption,energy efficiency,standard deviation etc.especially in the indication of energy efficiency,it has more advantages compared with the classical routing algorithm.