The Research Of China Overseas Education In America Since The Reform And Opening-up

In 1847,with the support from an American teacher Brown,Rong Hong,Huang Kuan and Huang Sheng went to America for study from Hong Kong Morrison School,which started the China modern education in America.In the next hundred years,the education of studying in America was kept with a good pace which went through the three climaxes: Children Studying Project,the Indemnity of 1901 Project and the victory of Anti Japanese War,though there existed slow tide some times.Most modern American returned students devoted themselves to study western science and technology culture.They had the high culture grade and new knowledge structure,which exerted great influence on the development and change of modern Chinese social.After the founding of new China,due to the "leaning to one side" foreign policy to Soviet Union,Chinese government decided to stop sending students abroad to America.Until the end of the 1970 s,with China's launching of reform and opening and the improvement of China and US relations,especially the important instructions to expand dispatch foreign personnel made by Deng Xiaoping,the education of studying in America tended to be recovered.By the end of 1978,the first batch of 52 visiting scholars came to America,which marked the formal resumption of U.S.education.In the following 30 years,with the sustained and stable development of relationship between China and America,the new largest round that student went for studying in America came in China.With the development of continuous changes of diplomatic relations between the two countries and foreign policy evolution,contemporary China education in America has roughly undergone restoration and rapid development(1978-1988),meet setback and warming(1989-1997),Sustainable development and short low tide(1998-2006),development and prosperity of the three stages of development(2007-).American is always Chinese students preferred study destination countries,also China has gradually become one of the largest source country among USA international students.Overall,the development of contemporary education inAmerica is the result of joint efforts from the forces of both the United States and Chinese government and non-governments.Especially at the early time of the recovery of the education studying in America,the academic relationship was difficult to build up due to the long closing.In order to solve the problem that dispatching is not smooth,the governments,the group of Chinese American scientists and many kinds of fund of the two countries assumed the task of matchmaking,and launched a lot of studying in the United States project,which submitted thousands of Chinese students and scholars studies in the United States,so as to make the development of studying abroad more and more popular.The group of students studying in the US has the most mount,high quality and wide filed.From the students scale,the number of students and scholars from Chinese mainland to the United States was more than 1460000 from 1978,accounted for nearly half of the total China abroad people.From the degree level,more than half percent students are studying for master degree and above.From the study field,the hottest majors are science,technology,engineering,mathematics and business professionals.In addition,the loose of foreign policy between two countries and the continued warming of Chinese domestic study abroad made the number of students studying in the US growing increasingly and personnel structure more complex,thus the education in America has occurred many new features and new trends: study abroad is no longer a patent of elite group,more and more students think going to study in the United States when graduated is just a normal choice.And the number of student increased sharply.At the same time,the number of middle school students for America has also increased significantly.When the American returned students choose the schools and majors,they pay more attention from their own needs and interests.The channel for study aboard has changed from a single state aid to many chances: self-applications,intercollegiate cooperation,joint training and so on.In short,the education of studying in America tends to popularization,younger age and diversification directions.With the constantly increasing of student's number and sustained development of students studying in America,the interactive relationship of economic and social development between two countries becomes more and more closely.On the onehand,the students don't only provide rich and cheap human and intellectual resources for the USA,also they play a positive role to promote the development of science and technology innovation in America;their tuition and daily consumption promote the school and local economic development,and they made a great economic contribution to the development of America.A large number of students after graduation stayed in American innovation,and become an important part of the USA overseas Chinese professionals;they effectively enhance the ethnic Chinese in USA social,economic and political status.On the other hand,many Americans returned students have the outstanding expression in their filed,and become the undisputed leader in contemporary returnees group.They fought in many industries like education,science and technology,economy,politics,culture and medical and health fields,and obtained attract people's attention achievements.They played an irreplaceable role in promoting economic development and social progress in China.In short,as the bridge between Chinese and American culture,American returned students have become an important driving force to promote the healthy development of the relations between the two countries.