A Sociological Analysis On The Cultivation Of Innovative Talents In College And University

The cultivation of innovative talents is very urgent and essential for the sake of the prosperity and powerfulness of the country, the thriving of our nation and the people's happiness, which has attracted great attention and thoughts from various social fields and become the main aim of the cultivation of talents in higher education in China. Outline of National Long-mid-term Education Reforming and Cultivation Plan (2010-2020) points out that "it is very essential and urgent to cultivate innovative talents", which fully reflects the current demand and social responsibility to handle this issue. Actually, the cultivation of innovative talents is a social systematical program which involves many complex historical and social factors. It needs to pay close attention to system mechanism and cultural tradition at the high level of country and society, analyze college's aim and cultivation model at the mid level of college and university, and also take the relationship between teachers and students and interaction between teaching and learning at the low level concerning teachers and students into consideration. The cultivation of innovative talents,in a sense,is an education issue with Chinese features and it has important theoretical values and practical significance to analyze China's cultivation of innovative talents from the perspective of social science and multiple sciences.The cultivation of innovative talents in the top colleges and universities in America, England and Japan is a top one in the world. Why Universities such as Harvard University, Cambridge University and Tokyo University are very successful in cultivating innovative talents lies in the facts as following:at the national level, they get the support of the national policies, the promotion of government bills,the finance support from multiple funds, the close social cooperation and innovative cultural philosophy; at the university level, they have set up the talent cultivation philosophy of "free academy",the talent cultivation system of "free study" and the talent cultivation model of "free innovation"; at the teacher and student level,their teachers and students have final words respectively in their teaching and learning, and enjoy together a harmonious atmosphere in teaching and learning.To learn from the successful experiences abroad in cultivating innovative talents, we need to build up the education philosophy of free development, a free environment, a complete management system,an innovative,multiple and open cultivation model, and a teaching and learning process with its features.The cultivation of innovative talents at higher education in our country is at the stage of research,reforming and experiment. For example, seven universities in Hubei province chosen as research target in this paper have their experiences as following: the innovation of the philosophy of the talent cultivation is given close attention to; the reforming of the talent cultivation is emphasized; the building of the system of talent cultivation is strengthened and the atmosphere of talent cultivation is constructed with great efforts. However, there are some urgent problems with the national level and the teacher and student level. The main problems with the national level are as following: there is a convergence to a certain extent with the innovation of the philosophy of talent cultivation; the plurality of cultivation target is not emphasized during the reforming of the model of talent cultivation;the main body of students is not fully reflected in the reforming of the system of talent cultivation; the harmony between teachers and students is ignored in the construction of the atmosphere of talent cultivation. The main problems with the teacher and student level are as following: teachers don't put enough efforts into teaching and their innovative ability is not strong; the students' value orientation is biased and they lack initiative to learn. The causes that result in the above problems are as following:the obstacle of national system is the main reason why it is hard for colleges and universities to cultivate innovative talents; the backwardness of cultivation model is the important reason why it is hard for colleges and universities to cultivate innovative talents; the shortage of the interaction between teachers and students is the direct reason why it is hard for colleges and universities to cultivate innovative talents. Therefore, to cultivate innovative talents, the colleges and universities in our country are expected to learn from the successful experiences of colleges and universities abroad in cultivating talents, promote system innovation while taking Chinese environment into consideration,improve and perfect the national system institution and government management system at the national level and the social support system, strengthen the interaction between colleges and society,pays great attention to the innovation of cultural inheritance and the important role of culture in cultivation. At the college level, the modern college spirit and the philosophy of cultivating innovative talents should be remolded; the talent cultivation system and college inner management shall be reformed and improved; the talent cultivation model and teaching-learning management system shall be innovated and perfected. At the teacher and student level, the leading role of teachers shall be exerted and the teachers' teaching ways shall be innovated; the main body of students shall be reflected and the students' learning ways shall be innovated; a harmonious relationship and a system of interaction between teachers and students shall be set up.The possible innovation of the research is mainly reflected as follows: the cultivation of innovative talents at higher education in our country is deeply studied from the perspective of sociology; the cultivation of innovative talents at higher education in our country is comprehensively and systematically analyzed at the national level, the college and university level and the teacher and student level; the reason why it is hard for the colleges and universities in our country for cultivate innovative talents in China is analyzed to some extent from the aspects of national system, cultivation model and interaction between teachers and students. The shortages of the research are as follows: the sociological analysis of many problems is not deep enough; because of the fact that seven colleges and universities in Hubei province are chosen as samples, there is certain limitation with the research target; the dimension of the survey design is not complete enough, and so on.