Between Reason And Faith

In the history of western philosophy,the relationship between reason and faith is an extremely important core issue.As for this problem,philosophers have formed various and numerous theoretical doctrines.Among all these theoretical doctrines,there is a very special,that is Hegel's philosophy of religion.This is because Hegel's philosophy of religion is a speculative philosophy of religion,which for the first time realizes a dialectical unity of reason and faith.In this dialectical unity,reason and faith are no longer as divided and antagonistic as in the past,on the contrary,the two are mixed together,reason includes faith as a intrinsic moment of itself in itself,so faith is speculative faith that is filled with reason.The concrete manifestation of this dialectical unity of reason and faith is Hegel's philosophy of religion,in turn,the essence of Hegel's philosophy of religion is this dialectical unity of reason and faith.Therefore,contradiction and reconciliation,opposition and unity of the two principles of reason and faith are hidden under the colorful surface of Hegel's philosophy of religion,and thus only when we comprehend Hegel's philosophy of religion from the dialectical unity of the two principles can we grasp the essence of Hegel's philosophy of religion better and even really.Therefore,this paper tries to reinterpret and explain Hegel's philosophy of religion from the perspective of the relationship between reason and faith,and tries to show that Hegel's philosophy of religion is essentially the dialectical unity of reason and faith.To this end,this paper proceeds from the view of unity of reason and faith in Hegel's early religious thought,shows that Hegel's whole early religious thought is around how to achieve unity of reason and faith to start,that only in the early final stage Hegel finds the key to solve the problem,and puts forward an idea of achieving unity of the two in absolute reason or speculative reason.After Hegel entered the mature period,this idea has been expanded concretely,the result of the expanding is Hegel's philosophy of religion,in which reason and faith as the two principles of this philosophy of religion reach a real unity.However,as the two principles,reason and faith have a unique implication in Hegel's philosophy,and therefore must first be systematically investigated and clarified.In this way,we find that the real reason is speculative reason,which passes through God,and thus the faith of God is sublated and included as a moment of reason;the true faith is speculative faith,which is filled with the rational spirit,and even a sublated moment of reason itself.Therefore,reason and faith are unified in themselves.The developed shape or concrete manifestation of this unity is Hegel's philosophy of religion,but because this unity is actually dialectical unity,and thus as Hegel's philosophy of religion has undergone a process of development,this unity of reason and faith has gone through a development process.These two development processes are inherently consistent:the intrinsic essence of the previous development process is the latter process of development,or the external manifestation of the latter development process is the previous development process.According to such an idea,this paper is divided into four chapters.The first chapter discusses the view of unity of reason and faith in Hegel's early religious thought,and shows that this view of Hegel also has evolved from immaturity to maturity,that is,he initially insists on Kantian unity of reason and faith,and later advocates unity of the two in love,and finally into unity of the two in absolute reason.The second chapter analyzes the primary principle of Hegel's philosophy of religion,that is,the reason itself has three moments or levels:general reason,namely intellect,anti-reason,namely dialectical reason,and true reason,namely speculative reason,and speculative reason itself is identical to God,and thus has a unified relationship with faith.The third chapter analyzes the secondary principle of Hegel's philosophy of religion,and shows that faith also has three moments or levels:immediate faith,anti-faith,namely enlightenment,and speculative faith,and speculative faith in itself contains the principle of reason,is a faith that is unified with reason,and is true faith.The fourth chapter,the last chapter,discusses Hegel's philosophy of religion as a concrete manifestation of unity of reason and faith.It shows that Hegel's philosophy of religion has three levels of unity of reason and faith:it is first manifested as representational unity,reason and faith are unified in faith;and then manifested as an exaltation and a transition from representational unity to comprehending unity;finally manifested as comprehending unity,the two unified in reason.The four chapters of the paper constitute a coherent three-part type of "total-divided-total".