Research On Energy Efficiency Design Of Rural Residential Buildings In Severe Cold Regions Of Northeast China

Rural residential buildings in China are widely spread across the whole country and a large number of constructions are involved.However,due to economic constraints,technological and other factors,the rural residential buildings have undergone a process of rough design and construction and it leads to high energy consumption and low comfort level.The severe cold regions in northeast China experience extremely frigid and long-lasting winter,which makes the problem of heating energy consumption even more prominent in rural residential buildings.How natural resources can be fully utilized and energy efficiency strategies can be adopted under the premise that interior comfort level improv ing is a problem that is urgent to be solved.In view of the practical problem of rural residential buildings in severe cold regions,the dissertation conducts systematic investigation on thermal environment and natural lighting environment.The investigation is carried out in two ways: questionnaires and field tests.Though questionnaires,basic situation of rural residential buildings,basic information of rural residences,heating energy consumption and lighting-thermal environmental comfort level can be obtained.By carrying out field tests,physical environment parameters are collected,such as temperature,humidity,heat flux density within envelope enclosures and natural lighting illuminance in rural residential buildings.Research has found the correlation between social characteristics of rural residents and heating energy consumption.Analyzed rural residential buildings from construction time,construction cost and building form.After analyzing rural residential buildings from thermal environment and natural lighting environment,the dissertation has found that rural residential buildings have poor thermal performance,such as unreasonable plane,large heat transfer coefficient of building envelope,cold air infiltration,high heating energy consumption and low thermal comfort.Heating system has low energy efficiency and indoor air pollution.Windows need to be coupled design.After aggregating field survey and analysis on mathematic model of rural residential thermal environment,important influence factors on rural residential thermal environment are put forward from four aspects: shape and plan e,nontransparent envelope enclosure,transparent envelope enclosure and heating system.With field test and software simulation,influence factors are analyzed one by one,such as orientation,shape coefficient,attached solar room,storm porch,heat transfer coefficient and thermal inertia of envelope enclosure,co lour of envelope enclosure,ice and snow cover,window-wall ratio,Kang and Hot Wall.The affecting rules of the influence factors are discovered on rural residential thermal environment.Linear and multiple regression models are built up by SPSS between the influence factors and heating energy consumption.Thus,optimal strategies on energy efficiency design are put forward on rural residential thermal environment.Furthermore,the dissertation verifies its effectiveness by designing rural energy efficiency residence.After aggregating field survey and analysis on mathematic model of rural residential natural lighting environment,important influence factors on rural residential natural lighting environment are put forward from three aspects: shape and plane,nontransparent envelope enclosure and transparent envelope enclosure.With software simulation,influence factors are analyzed one by one,such as plan e form,length-width ratio of rooms,interior clear height,height of windowsill,width of wall between windows,window-wall ratio,window total transmittance and window form.The affecting rules of the influence factors are discovered on rural residential natural lighting environment.The mathematic models among influence factors,room depth and average natural lighting illuminance are built by the software MATLAB.Likewise,another set of regression models are built between influence factors and average natural lighting illuminance.These two kinds of mathematic models can verify each other.Further more,the dissertation studies coupled design of thermal environment and natural lighting environment of windows,establishes regression models between heating energy consumption,natural lighting illuminance and influence factors respectively.With field survey and simulative calculation,optimal design strategies are put forward on rural residential natural lighting environment.Furthermore,the dissertation verifies its effectiveness by designing rural energy efficiency residence.By field tests and simulation on thermal environment and natural lighting environment,the rural energy efficiency residential building is designed with optimal energy efficiency design strategies and field tests are conducted.Results of the tests show that average annual thermal consumption per square meter in the rural energy efficiency residential building is 28.6W/m2,and it means that 71.02% energy saving than existing new rural residential buildings.Average natural lighting illuminance in every room is higher than 300 lx,which meets the requirement in lighting standard.This verifies the effectiveness of energy efficiency design in rural residential buildings from aspects of design and field tests.The research of the dissertation is based on the consideration of improving interior comfort level and reducing heating energy consumption within the allowable scope of economy of rural residents.The research is carried out with the method of combining field tests and software simulation.The achieved results of the dissertation could be developed into design guidelines for architects and could provide theoretical basis and data support for energy efficiency technology system in rural residential buildings in severe cold regions.