Relevancy Between Danwei Compound And Urban Physical Spatial Form Of Nanchang China

Danwei Compound is an unique spatial unit commonly in urban China.While originated in the Republic of China,Danwei compounds spread widely throughout Chinese cities during the Planned Economy Era after 1949,and soon became the main form of urban spatial construction and extension.Since the Reform and Opening,especially after 1990s,with the extension development of urban space,most Danwei compounds have been surrounded into the cities' hinterlands and occupied a certain important locations,exerting more constraint on urban spatial pattern.On the other hand,with the urban transformation,a large number of Danwei compounds have encountered or will be encountering sorts of space changes,even disruption.The urban spatial pattern,work place closing to living place,is broken on the medium level,almost at the same time,mass-produced urban problems such as traffic,environment and community vitality could herald a certain relationship between both appearances.Transit-oriented design already seems to be a dominant idea in the field of urban planning and design.Danwei compounds,characterized as covering a large scale area,and enclosed space,morphologically differ to city blocks,which point to the urban spatial pattern of "small blocks,dense roads",recently become the focus of attention.Citizens promote a query on the appeal for opening the Danwei compounds from the government.It should be the spatial construction and development regulations of our own cities that can answer questions such as "whether the Danwei compounds should be open",and "how to open them?"Based on the viewpoint of urban designers,and coped with the hot issues of space reconstruction in urban China under the background of new urbanization,this study,in perspective of Danwei Compound,carries researches on regulations of urban physical spatial form construction.By revealing the relationships between Danwei compounds and urban physical spatial form,the study attempts to establish a scientific and rational recognition of the Danwei Compound,and further more,to provide a scientific theoretical guidance to morphological renewal practice of urban areas occupied by Danwei compounds.Taken Nanchang as the case city,and based on urban typomorphological methods,this study constructs a cross-disciplinary morphological analysis framework,which featuring "time-space-type" three-dimensional,by integrating methods from subjects including social science,human geography,urban planning,urban design and architecture.System researches are carried on Danwei compounds and the urban physical spatial form,while highlighting the structural morphological relationships in-between.The study mainly includes three parts as below.In the first part,with the theme of "origin",Danwei Compound is acknowledged through two dimensions including synchronic and diachronic.The former includes the related conceptions,classification and morphological analysis,and the latter is mainly for related issues in the origin and evolution of Nanchang's Danwei compound space.In the second part,"Association" is the subject.Through three hierarchies of urban space,the study highlights on the structural relationships between Danwei compounds and urban physical spatial form.The macro level studies focus on associations between Danwei compound space and the development of urban space.The medium level studies concern with the structural relationships between Danwei compounds and the organization of urban physical spatial form.While the micro level studies focus on the influences which Danwei compounds exerted on urban public spaces,mainly about the form,place and vitality.In the third part of "renewal",by carrying the perspective of morphological transformation since 1990s,the study mainly inspects problems such as how the transformation of Danwei compounds affecting urban physical spatial form,the influences of Danwei compounds on the Regulatory Planning,and the Danwei compound phenomena in new urban areas.The results of this research contribute to the following aspects.Firstly,this study puts forward a new perspective of morphological interpretation for urban China.Academically,theoretical contributions are derived from constructing a cross-disciplinary morphological analysis framework,and it is expected to provide reference for relevant Urban Morphology researches.Secondly,the results about relationships between Danwei compounds and urban physical spatial form in three hierarchies,implying the morphological regulations of Chinese cities,may be use of and importance to planning agencies and specialists in urban design and planning,urban development,management,and research throughout China.Finally,for the in-depth case studies on Nanchang,the local governments as well as planning and design organization in the city will be the immediate benefactors of this study.