Research On The Quality Controlment Of Peer Review About NSFC Project Set-up

National Natural Science Foundation of China is an important channel to support the fundamental research in our country. Peer review is the basic method to judge the project application and evaluate the results of scientific research, which decides the standard of projects of science foundation. At the proposal stage of project, the quality of peer review influences on the orientation of resource allocation and quality of research, and even on the funding effects of science foundation. In this dissertation, the subject of quality control of peer review in the proposal stage of National Natural Science Foundation of China will be studied by a series of theories such as scientific community, principal-agent and procedural justice. The key factors which affect the quality of peer review will be universally analyzed by surveys, in-depth interviews and empirical analysis. The major focuses of this study are as follews:Definition and problems revealed. The essential concepts such as peer review and quality control were clearly defined. The process of peer review, existing measures of quality control and their problems were described using the methods of empirical research and data statistics.Comparison research and experience for reference. By comparing with some cases of foreign countries which had similar functions of agency of National Natural Science Foundation of China and mature system of peer review, several core elements with guiding significance were summarized to provide a perspective to rethink the situation of quality control and give guidance to establishing the index system of peer review in China.Based on relating literatures, in-depth interviews, surveys and foreign experiences, the principle and the system of quality index of peer review in China were established.To empirically test the established system of quality index, the system of quality control of peer review was analyzed by logistic model to assess the order and degree of effects and determine the essential factors of the quality peer review. And the reasons of the key factors which affect the quality of peer review were studied by scientific community, principal-agent and procedural justice to offer constructive suggestions for National Natural Science Foundation of China.