Distribution Of Rural Collective Land Value-added Benefits On The Press Capabilities

The Third Plenary Session of the Party’s eighteen clearly stated:"To establishboth national, rural collective and individual farmers value-added incomedistribution mechanism of land, especially, increase in personal income." This is afile from the National Party’s long-term development perspective, the issue of ruralland proposed strategic guiding ideology. Chen Xiwen, a famous scholars, hold that:China’s economic and social development in the heart of the problem is the"sannong" issues, while the core "sannong" issues of rural is the land issues. Thispaper argues that: the core of China’s rural land issue is the allocation of land valueincrement. Objectively speaking, this country because of land disputes and conflictsarising from demolition, which is rooted in the land value of the income distributionis unfair.This article focuses on the theme of " value-added distribution of income ofrural collective land question", the background study is based on the rapidurbanization process in China, a large number of rural collective land into urbanconstruction land, rural collective land to get significant value, while farmers andcollective economic organizations in the proportion of value-added distribution ofincome is too low.Therefore, this paper systematically collate and summarize the academicresearch base on the value-added distribution of income on rural collective land, onthis issue for a more detailed and in-depth study. This paper presents the key point is:the total value-added income property based on decomposition theory, theory ofrent, the basic theory of distribution theory, build a " separation of powers " in theinstitutional framework of land ownership, to " press the power distribution" formsof distribution of rural collective land allocation, is to build value-added income ofrural collective land allocation term mechanism ideal model. This article was firstproposed," according to the distribution of competence," the theory that thedistribution of national income, the power of each property subject to the respective power distribution in the form of access to the national income, this form applies toa distribution of property rights in practice is decomposed situation.On theme of “value-added distribution of income of rural collective land issues“, there are two most important issues need to be analyzed clear: The first question iswhat is the source of income of rural collective land value, which is the study ofland-based value-added income distribution; the second problem is that the ruralcollective land value increment allocated to follow what forms of distribution, that isaccording to need, distribution According to other forms of distribution or allocationof land value gains.This article focuses on the theme of “value-added income from the land ofsource” analysis. Land value increment calculation model, land value incrementallocated for the analysis of empirical analysis and other aspects of the problem ofland appreciation and income distribution to provide theoretical support, combinedwith China’s actual situation, put forward a “press power distribution” as specificforms of distribution, expounded on the “separation of powers” land property Rightsinstitutional framework to reform the existing system of rural collective impositionand collection procedures, the establishment of a unified operating construction landmarket and other specific measures to build rural collective land of appreciationlong-term mechanism of income distribution.This article innovatively initially proposed a “land value duality theory”, landpower “separation of powers” institutional framework,“according to the distributionof competence” category theory and empirical analysis of the use of rural collectiveland distribution pattern of China’s value-added benefits were mathematicalcalculations on.This paper estimates based on results of the institutional framework in thecontext of existing land requisition system, transfer system and so on, this articleselected23provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) of land appreciationⅠ, land appreciationⅡ and land appreciation Ⅲ, average land value in2012was76.90RMB per square meter,584.20RMB per square meter and2435.00RMB persquare meter, the average ratio was2.4%,18.87%,78.65%. Preliminary results in the three aspects of land value increment revenue, the developer of the land to getthe most value, followed by the government, farmers at least.In this paper, based on “according to the distribution of competence” theory: Inthe land property “separation of powers” of the institutional framework, if the landwere self-employed contractor, the rural farmers will get differential rentⅡandaverage profit differential rent, the collective economic organizations to obtainmonopoly rents; If the land contract management rights were transferred to the land,the land Contractor obtains differential rent, that part of the land management reapexcessive profits.Meanwhile, the rural collective organizations rely on land ownership, access toabsolute rent parts and land managers were given the average profit and differentialrent. Government secondary distribution mainly in the form of participation in landvalue increment tax revenue, government expropriation of land in the public interestonly limited use of the land. If the government needs to impose the development ofland for the project, it must use control under strict preconditions, and trade througha unified land market. In this way, farmers and rural collective economicorganizations can directly control the supplier of the land. This paper argues that thisis an ideal model to build new value-added benefits of rural collective landallocation mechanism in China.On the basis of this study, there are still five important issues needed toresearch in the future: Firstly, accurate quantitative analysis of land value incrementbetween the various subjects; Secondly, the form of distribution based on land valueincome. The third issue is how to improve the institutional framework and policymeasures and other aspects, which order to establish a unified operating constructionland market in China; The fourth issue is how to regulate the government of the landvalue-added tax levied on strengthening secondary distribution of governmentinvolvement in land value-added benefits. The fifth issue is how to treat specificproblems of "limited property house", homestead, etc, which in itself is anon-negligible value of rural collective land income distribution studies. In order tomake a more focused discussion topics, the two issues is not base for specialized detailed analysis. In a word, the theoretical framework presented in this paper is alsoadapted to the analysis of these issues.