Research On Coordination Mechanism Of Port Service Supply Chain

With the globalization of economy and trade, ports have become efficient distribution centers for various transportation and powerful comprehensive logistics hubs. Their functions have expanded from the transport hub, cargo handling and storage to the global hub for allocation of resources. And their determinants have changed from labor and capital to a combination of technology, information, service, talents and environment. At present, service supply chains based on ports’development, are doomed to be the general trend of world’s shipping industries. In the future, competitions between ports will be not just a competition between individual port, but competitions between service supply chains.However, such reasons as the unreasonable configuration of service capability between members of supply chain, lack of supervision on the service quality and unequal distribution of profits would result to disorders of port service logistics, also result to the overall low performance of port supply chain and the decline in competitiveness of our port.In this paper, theoretical methods and tools such as game theory, contract theory, system modeling and simulation, and ANP are employed to research coordination mechanism of port service supply chain. On one hand, this research can enrich the theoretical study of the supply chain of port services, and provides coordinating theoretical support for port services supply chain. On the other hand, this paper can reduce the total cost of the supply chain of port services, and enhance port competitiveness of enterprises in the market to provide the basis for decision making for reference.The main contents of this paper are as follows:1. Theoretical analysis of coordination mechanism of port service supply chains. First the paper defines the connotation of the supply chain of port services, and builds a model of the structure of the supply chain of port services, as well as difference between port services supply chain and traditional supply chain; then the paper proposes the dynamic formation factors of port services supply chain and builds the formative causation model of the supply chain of port services. Finally, the paper illustrates the development status of the port services and supply chain and gives an analysis of the supply chain of port services disorders. Based on related literature the paper sorts out the basic elements of coordination of the port services supply chain, and then the paper takes a factor analysis of the coordination elements through the questionnaire, principal component analysis; and then by empirical analysis the paper get three coordination factors and six elements of the supply chain coordination of port services. Then the paper builds a framework for coordination of the supply chain of port services, and designs a coordination mechanism of port services and supply chain. The model is composed of dynamic mechanism, conduction mechanism and security mechanism. Meanwhile, power mechanism, transmission mechanism and security mechanism are elaborately described.2. Coordination mechanism of two-level port service supply chains. In two-level port service supply chains, the coordination of the service capabilities and service quality in port service supply chain have been discussed. In the coordination of the service capabilities models, the paper first considers two-level service supply chain system consisting of a port enterprise and a logistics service provider, and proposes a coordination mechanism of logistics service capability order and investment based on option contract coordination strategy. In the coordination of the service quality models, the paper describes the connotation of quality of port services supply chain coordination, including the quality coordination at the node level and the overall level; then the paper constructs evolutionary game model of the behavior of port services and the quality of the supply chain, and simulates the game theory of quality coordination strategy in an enterprise in the supply chain node and its stability problem of the quality of coordination. Second the paper explores the coordination and supervision of the overall level of quality of port services and supply chain, using game theory to the deduce quality supervision and the deception probability of port enterprises and logistics service providers.3. Coordination mechanism of three-level port service supply chains. In the coordination of the service capabilities models, the paper considers a three-level service supply chain systems including port enterprises, logistics service providers and logistics subcontractors, and makes a comparative analysis by using the major-minor coordination, centrally coordination, collaborative alliances and other coordinated manners. In the coordination of the service quality models, the paper makes an expansion of the model to introduce competition mechanism and customers punishment under the supervision and coordination of the quality of service. Finally, based on the conclusions of the previous analysis, the paper proposes the coordination measures of the quality of port services and supply chain services. Measures such as the selection and evaluation of logistics service providers, service quality management system, the introduction of competition mechanism, information sharing, and signature of a quality contract are proposed.4. Distribution of profits of the port service supply chain. The paper researches on the pattern of distribution of profits, influencing factors, gaming of the distribution of profits and the distribution method. First the paper illustrates the principle and mode of distribution of profits of the supply chain of port services; then it analyzes the influencing factors of port services supply chain profit distribution. Such factors include:the investment ability, the risk taking, level of effort, an additional contribution, and customer satisfaction. Secondly the paper gives reasoning of profit distribution gaming of port services supply chain. Finally, the paper redistributes profits of the supply chain of the port services by using ANP and improved Shapley Value and validates it by numerical analysis.The innovations of this paper are reflected in the following aspects:1. Extracting the main elements of the supply chain coordination of port services by factor analysis, and building a framework for coordination of the supply chain of port services model through coordination elements of port service and supply chain.2. Using option contract theory to study the problem of coordination of port services and supply chain service capabilities and to explore the problem of coordination of the three-level port supply chain service capabilities.3. Using evolutionary game theory methods to investigate the evolution of port services and the quality of service of the supply chain coordination strategy game; discussing the supervision model of port service supply chain cooperation at two levels; then the model is extended to introduce competition mechanism and customer punishment under the supervision and coordination of the quality of service.4. Constructing the framework of port service supply chain combined the impact factors of distribution of profits and distribution patterns, and combined the improved method of the Shapley Value and ANP.