| China’s construction supervision system, borrowed from the westernconstruction supervision system, has exerted a huge influence over the improvementof project construction comprehensive management after more than20yearsdevelopment. However, frequently happened engineering accidents shows that theproblems of the supervision industry, which is the lower quality of wholesupervision business, the shortage of registered supervision practitioner, andirresponsibility of the employees, has not been solved.This thesis, based on the practice of China’s engineering, illustrates theframework of law and rules which influence the performance of supervisionpractitioners, analyze the multi-level principal-agent relationship in the projectmanagement system, especially analyzes the benefit maximization behaviors ofrelative engineering subjects theoretically. In consideration of the culturalcharacteristics of China, which is harmony and middle, valuing morality, againstusing laws, etc. The thesis, regarding the traditional concept as a constraint of theconstruction supervision system, modifying the rational-economic man hypothesis oftraditional principal-agent theory, taking profound impacts of traditional ideas onconstruction supervision system fully into account, divides the cultural constraintsunder the supervision practitioners’ practice into two dimensions: competition andharmony, that is to say, hard work on one’s duty based on justice instead of benefitsand power rent-seeking based on benefits instead of justice. The thesis divided thesupervision practitioners into4types: competitive hard working supervision practitioners on duty, competitive power rent-seeking supervision practitioner,harmonious hard working supervision practitioners on duty, harmonious powerrent-seeking supervision practitioners. After expanding and modifying P-S-A model,analyzing eight practice behavior patterns of three categories by means of normativeresearch method theoretically, the analyzed results are as follows: Because of thenecessary limited violation to the rules for the sake of the maximization of theirbenefits under the influence of Chinese traditional culture, it is difficult to chooseindependent and diligent mode if the supervision practitioners are paid by thecorporation of the project. Instead, the supervision practitioner would choose one ofthree type of performance modes such as acquiescence, non-litigation and nointerference. The various accidents are not due to the supervisor’s idea of stressingon benefits rather than justice, or due to negative modes like extortion model,collusion model and accessory model which aiming at maximization of benefitsfrom power rent-seeking. This thesis analyzes the difference between the Chineseculture and western culture based on cultural sociology. The deep roots ofsupervision industry problem which is cultural lack resulted from the disconnectionbetween the Chinese culture and western supervision system after introduced fromwestern country since its development from the western cultural environment.This thesis analyzes the data collected from2005to2011by means of casestudy. It is proved that the lack of supervision practitioners, poor quality ofsupervision staff and poor sense of duty of the supervision practitioners had resultedfrom the benefit maximization seeking of the supervision corporate body.Based on the conclusion to the theoretical analyses and case study, an optimizedsupervision mechanism in this thesis, which allows supervision practitioners todeclare the project or the process of the project unqualified, is suggested. Themechanism of conditioned responsibility exemption to supervision practitioners forunqualified projects and the compensation mechanism to the loss of the supervisionpractitioners who tell the truth about the project by means of the contractors’performance bond to engineering quality and safety will transform "incrediblethreat" to "credible threat" to those who violate the rules and regulations. As a result,to lie collectively in supervision business will vanish. Meanwhile, the mechanism of information disclosure to "unqualified projects" would soon establish scientificreputation evaluation system and constraint mechanism in contractors’ market. Thelegislation, which allow the owner of the project to use unqualified engineering, willresolutely curb “unqualified projects" and severe accident of engineering. Then theoriginal aim of mandatory supervision system will be reached.As for the problem that supervision practitioner who have no relativecertification carry out supervision business, based on the principle of objective andpractical,a display mechanism recording misbehavior of supervision enterprisesestablished by means of legislation which allow unregistered supervisionpractitioners with certain qualification to run supervision business, a discriminatoryincome distribution rule by which supervision association get part of supervision feeestablished by legislation, and a sharing mechanism of responsibility to accidentsthat the legal representative of supervision enterprises assume all legalresponsibilities including criminal responsibility in place of unregistered supervisionpractitioners established by means of legislation, all these measures will urge thesupervision corporate bodies to supervise the employees effectively and develophuman resources enthusiastically so that the comprehensive quality of supervisionindustry will be improved soon.Finally this thesis sets forth culture construction in supervision sector. |
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