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A Study Of The Difference On The Average Student Cost In University And Their Impact On Output Efficiency

Posted on:2014-03-08Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:C ZhongFull Text:PDF
GTID:1267330428475893Subject:Management Science and Engineering
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In recent years, the central government has constantly increased investment on higher education and taken a series of extraordinary measures to increase the investment, in order to achieve the target that government spending on education accounts for4%of China’s GDP, specified in "National Educational Plan". According to the central government’s requirements, these measures are not allowed to continue indefinitely, and the majority of the added government spendings on education will be invested in rural, remote, poor and minority areas. Moreover, in matter of investment on colleges and universities, it will form such kind of funding mechanism from now on:the government spending will be the primary resources while the colleges and universities will also continue to expanding its financing channels and share the cost reasonably. Thus, the average grant per student will link to the university’s quality of higher education, achievements in scientific research and other related connotative development. Eventually these features will finally reflect the differences in grants. In this context, this paper aims at studying the average cost per college student and its regional disparity. On the one hand, the average cost per student is an important basis of determining the proportion of cost-sharing and allocation criteria of public finance. For another, it is the best indication of utilizing the effect of educational resources. Therefore, it brings two problems that this paper tries to solve:the first one is the formation mechanism of regional disparity in average cost per student of higher education. This disparity is represented within the same region and between different regions. And then, it makes some suggestions on how to invest and allocate resources rationally, radically narrow the regional gaps of average cost per college student, and seek maximum economic benefits. The second problem locates at the effect model of regional disparity in average cost per college student on school-running benefits, and also providing some reasonable advice about (1) establishing the cost management concept and cost-control system in universities,(2) allocating the regional educational resources of higher education scientifically,(3) improving the utilization efficiency and benefits of various resources,(4) determining the investment of public finance and mechanism of cost-sharing in reasonable way,(5) promote the overall coordination for development level of higher education in all regions.Therefore, this paper combines normative study and empirical study to complete the following research. Firstly, it reviews the literature of education cost and average cost per student, the education-economic benefit and cost-benefit, the regional education disparity and spatial distribution. Then, it demonstrates theories such as public finance, cost-sharing, transaction costs, education-economy, the theory of regional education disparities and spatial distribution, which lays a theoretical foundation for scientifically defining average cost per student, evaluating school-running benefits and discovering regional disparities.Based on a scientific definition for the meaning of standard average cost per college student and actual average cost, it employs the data of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities from2007to2011, to calculate the standard average cost per student and actual average cost for each region, and then builds the regional difference model (within and among the regions) of standard average cost per student and actual average cost. With the help of spatial econometrics and linear regression analysis, this paper verifies the validity of the formation mechanism of disparity within the same region and between different regions, and proves up the factors affecting regional disparity of average cost per student. On the premise of integrating related theoretical research and data analysis, this paper also applies the principal components analysis method to find out the indications that measure the output benefits of colleges and universities. Then, it conducts empirical test with relevant data from the influence analysis above, establishing the model of regional disparity’ influence on output benefits. Finally, based on the perspective of average cost per student and output benefits, the paper adopts the balanced scorecard method to establish the comprehensive performance evaluation system of regional higher education, in order to scientifically access the output benefits of colleges and universities.According to the related empirical study, I draw these conclusions as follows:1、In the matter of formation mechanism of regional disparity in average cost per college student, the spillover effect of regional disparity is obviously significant. The investment of human resources, financial resources, material resources and other dominant factors have remarkable influence on the disparity within the region. In addition, some other non-dominant factors also have a certain effect on it. As for the disparity of average cost per college student among the regions, the local economy level, the residents’income, employment and other dominant factors have significant influence on it, and other non-dominant factors also have some effect on it.2Three principal components of output benefits of colleges and universities have been discussed in this paper. The first componet reflects the contributions made by the colleges and universities to social service, while the second and third reflects the contributions to talent training. In other words, it reveals that these functions such as talent training, social work and so on, which are performed by colleges and universities, play a very important role in their output benefits.3n The disparity within the same region have a strong effect on it and the financial investment which leads to the regional disparity will further affect their output benefits, too. However, the disparity among the regions determines the difference in output benefits, while the external macro factors are also able to affect school-running benefits.4、The general performance level of higher education in China is not positive and the regional disparity are also very huge, and the regional performance of higher education is partly determined by the external macro factors forming the regional disparity of average cost per student, as well as the function indications of colleges and universities affecting their output benefits.The main contributions of the paper are summarized as follows:Firstly, it establishes the formation mechanism model of regional disparity in average cost per college student, and specifies the causes of disparity within same region and between regions respectively. Secondly, on the basis of principal component analysis, it builds the empirical model and measures the influence of regional disparity of average cost per college student on output benefits. It also testifies internal logic relationship between cost and benefit. Thirdly, with the help of empirical analysis and the balanced scorecard method, it establishes the comprehensive performance evaluation system of regional higher education based on the perspective of average cost per student and output benefits...
Keywords/Search Tags:Average cost per college student, Cost variance, Benefits model, Performanceevaluation
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