Mode Research Of Basin Pollution Control In Developing Regions

Basin pollution control is a great challenge worldwide. It cost developed countries hundreds of years to tackle basin pollution problem. So far, the basin pollution problem of developed countries is gradually solved under high levels of economic and social development. However, most developing regions are undertaking fast-paced industrialization and urbanization, with heavy industrial structure, low level of economic development and low standard of living. It determines the developing regions are simply unable to adopt the same pollution-management methods undertaken by the developed countries. How to tackle basin pollution problem while maintain rapid economic and social development, is the problem which must be solved in developing regions.After ten years of successful practice from2003, Nansi Lake basin pollution control in the east route of South-North Water Transfer Project developed a new road for basin pollution control in developing regions, while achieved synchronous development of rapidly improved water quality and rapid economic growth in the rapid development stage. This article develops "Treatment, Recycle and "Restoration"(TRR) basin pollution control mode and its theoretical system for developing regions, through in-depth study of the basin pollution control mode in developed countries and Nansi Lake basin pollution control practice. The aim of the study is to provide scientific basis for developing regions to tackle basin pollution in the fast-paced industrialization and urbanization stage.The main results in this article include:1. The article develops TRR basin pollution control mode for developing regions. By "Treatment", the total amount of pollutants are reduced to below the acceptance level of water environmental capacity; by "Recycle" and "Restoration", the pollution load is further reduced and environmental capacity is improved. The three parts of TRR mode link up to form a interlocking water pollution control system. TRR mode effectively releases the pressure caused by the basin pollution, and makes it possible to solve basin pollution problem while maintaining a high speed of industrialization and urbanization.2. Phased tightening of basin pollutant discharge standard system is established in developing regions. According to the structural pollution problems in developing regions, instead of ban and protection, phased tightening of basin pollutant discharge standard is proposed to guide and promote industrial structure adjustment and optimization. The promoting strategy of the basin standard establishment, industry standards developmentâ†'The transition from industry standards to basin standardâ†'basin standards development, is proposed to remove the privileges of some highly polluting industries gradually. TRR mode finds a new road with great maneuverability to tackle basin pollution problem in developing regions.3. The theory methods of regional reclaimed water resources cycle utilization system is put forward to overcome the contradiction between water pollution discharge standard and the water environmental quality standards. Coordinating theory is developed after boundary conditions of the regional reclaimed water resources cycle utilization system are identified, including reclaimed water production and demand, treatment scale of wetland, storage capacity as well as hydrological conditions. Coordinating theory model of boundary conditions is established to supply scientific basis for the construction of the regional reclaimed water resources cycle utilization system. Regional reclaimed water resources cycle utilization system alleviates the pollution control pressure and water stress in northern China, and enhances the ecological functions of river basin.4. The method of applying large-scale constructed wetlands for improving the water environment capacity of TRR mode is presented. The construction concept of large-scale constructed wetlands including intermittently aerated subsurface flow constructed wetlands, multi-stage constructed wetlands in series is developed to improve the water environment capacity. The control process of total pollutant quantity of Nansi Lake basin is evaluated. The proportion of the "Treatment" for CODCr and NH3-N removal is22%and10%, the proportion of the "Recycle" for CODCr and NH3-N removal is31%and28%, and the proportion of the "Restoration" for CODCr and NH3-N removal is47%and62%.5. With the guidance of TRR mode concept, the application study of TRR pollution control is carried out in a small basin. The effluent of buried biological reaction system further achieves national surface water quality standard III after the purification by surface flow constructed wetlands and surface flow constructed wetlands. The main pollutants in the basin achieved national surface water quality standard III stably and "zero emissions" is achieved in the small basin by regional reclaimed water resources cycle utilization. The control process of total pollutant quantity of the small basin is evaluated. The proportion of the "Treatment" for TN removal is52%, the proportion of the "Recycle" for TN removal is41%, and the proportion of the "Restoration" for TN removal is7%.