| Bashania fargesii is a kind of small and medium-sized amphipodial bamboo species. Thedistribution area is main in Daba mountain range and Qinling mountains such as Sichuan,Gansu, Shanxi, Henan, Hubei and Chongqing and cross warm temperate zone, north subtropicalzone and mid-subtropical zone triple climatic zones B. fargesii is one of bamboo species as themain food of giant panda. B. fargesii clone population under giant panda disturbance and undercontrol in Shanxi Foping national nature reserve were both chosen as the research object. Thebiological characteristics and NIRS technology were investigated for the comprehensive studyof the effects of B. fargesii clone population under giant panda disturbance.The main experimental results are as follows:1. Unstable yielding phenomenon in B. fargesii shooting characteristics was existed. Theresult of linear regression analysis showed that there was significant correlation between theintensity of giant panda foraging behavior and the bamboo shoot emerging amount. The maturebamboo rate and degenerated shoot rate of disturbance and control plots were54.09%，45.91%；63.46%，36.54%. The bamboo shoots of control and disturbance plots needed60d and65d tofinish the height growth stage. The data showed that the average height of bamboo in controlplots were higher than those in disturbance plots.2. The total biomass of B. fargesii of different ages in disturbance and control plots were inthe order of2>4>3>1>5,2>1>3>4>5. There was no significant different between the totalbiomass of B. fargesii in disturbance and control plots. But the biomass ratio of over-groundand underground in disturbance and control plots showed great difference, were60.74%，39.26%；56.19%，43.81%respectively.3. The distribution of age structure of B. fargesii age in control plots was ordered. Instead,the distribution of age structure of B. fargesii age in disturbance plots was unordered.87.20%ramet’s height of the clone population of B. fargesii in disturbance plots was lower than500cmand70.82%ramet’s diameter was lower than1.70cm. on the other hand,65.77%ramet’s heightof the clone population of B. fargesii in control plots was higher than500cm and64.43%ramet’s diameter was higher than1.70cm. The survival curve of static life table of B. fargesiiclone population in disturbance and control plots were B type and C type respectively.4. The contents of ash and crude fiber in B. fargesii shoots increased with increased time.In contrast, the contents of crude protein and crude fat in Bashania fargesii shoots decreasedwith increased time.The contents of Ca、ash and crude fiber was lowest in one year old leaves and increasedwith increased age classes. P、K、Zn and crude protein decreased with increased leaf age classes.The contents of Fe and Mg were lowest in two years old leaves and highest in one year oldleaves. There was no significant difference between age classes of crude fat contents in leaves.The nutrient contents of B. fargesii shoots culms showed different trends with different age classes. The contents of Ca、Mg and crude fiber increased with increased culm age classes. Thecontents of K、Zn、crude fat and crude protein decreased with increased culm age classes. Therewas no significant difference between age classes of Fe and Zn contents in culms.The comparison results of B. fargesii nutrient contents among different giant pandaforaging stages showed that: giant panda mostly chose the part of B. fargesii which had highernutrient contents as the food during different foraging stages. During the culm stage, the crudefiber of culms was lowest in the year. This result showed that the content of crude fiber mightbe the dominant factor which influences the foraging choice of giant panda.5. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) coupled with Partial Least Squares-DiscriminantAnalysis (PLS-DA) pattern recognition methods were used to identify different bamboo species.The results showed that the correlations between the predicted category variables of calibrationor validation and the measured category variables were all remarkable with a correlationcoefficient(R) over0.96and low RMSECV and RMSEP (<0.14) used the top near-infraredspectroscopy of bamboo leaves. The discrimination accuracy for the bamboo varieties was100％by PLS-DA model based on the validation set of samples.SECV and rcof the optimal calibration models for crude protein, amino acid, crude fat andcrude fiber were0.351,0.279,0.221,1.603and0.935,0.854,0.917,0.972respectively. And thevalidation results were that, RPD were3.562,2.468,2.671,4.247; rpwere0.916,0.734,0.816,0.962; SEP was0.835,0.637,0.228, and0.249. The verification results showed that the RPDvalue were all higher than2.5except the value of amino acid. The optimal calibration model ofcrude protein, crude fat and crude fiber had good accuracy could be used in actual test of B.fargesii leaves nutrient contents..SECV and rcof the optimal calibration models for crude protein, amino acid, crude fat andcrude fiber were0.172,0.153,0.095,2.550and0.862,0.795,0.883,0.965respectively. And thevalidation results were that, RPD were2.840,2.126,2.285,3.864; rpwere0.874,0.720,0.735,0.925; SEP was0.124,0.162,0.433, and0.291. The verification results showed that the RPDvalue of crude protein and crude fiber were higher2.5but the RPD value of amino acid andcrude fat were lower than2.5. The optimal calibration model of crude protein and crude fiberhad better accuracy could be used in actual test of B. fargesii culms nutrient contents. |
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