| Giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an endangered species that is endemic to China and is ranked as one of our country's first class especially protected wild animals. It is also ranked as Appendix I species by "Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)". After millions of years' evolvement and continuously influenced by the human beings, the number of giant panda is now very small and is worthy of the name "living fossil". In this research we constructed a microsatellite DNA library using genome DNA extracted from the giant panda "Eryatou" which was provided by "Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding". Here, we reported the isolation of sixteen novel microsatellite loci from giant panda. Streptavidincoated beads were used for microsatellite DNA isolation. As a result, positive clones with repeat insert were screened from the microsatellite DNA library and sequenced. After analysis of more than one hundred sequences, we designed 67 pairs of microsatellite DNA primers out of which thirty pairs could amplify expected product by polymers chain reaction (PCR). In the variation test, sixteen microsatellite loci were attested to be provided with heriditary polymerphism. Also we have done a primary population variety analysis of giant panda wild and captive population using twelve blood samples of giant panda from "Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding" and seven skin samples from the wild population of Qinling. The result showed that the expecting heterozygosity(He) of captive and wild population is 0.6476 and 0.6386 respectively, indicating high level of genetic diversity. Software GENEPOP (version 3.3) was used to test linkage disequilibrium and seven pairs of loci were attained (P<0.05), five pairs in captive population and two dyads in wild ones. HardyWeinberg equilibrium test revealed that six loci significantly deviated from HWE expectations (p<0.05).
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