The Research On Marx And Engels’ Thought Of Farmer’s Problem

Farmer’s problem has always been one of the key issues in the development of a country.From the course of historic development,the appropriate treatment of the farmer’s problem is directly related to the country’s modernization and social stability. From the perspective of socialist revolution, Marx and Engels realized that farmers conflict with scale-operation required by industrialization and modernization not only in the process of socialist revolution,for the duality will create problems(farmers are conservative and reactionary),but also in the process of socialist construction, for they try to protect their own small plots of land under the consciousness of so-called private property rights. Therefore,understanding the essence of farmer’s problems,exploring the causes of these problems and resolving these problems formed the farmer’s problem in the eyes of Marx and Engels.The development of countries all around the world experiences the harsh process of farmer’s problem and people have always been trying to solve these problems reasonably,the purpose of which is to establish the interation of urban and rural areas.Farmer’s problem in china has existed for a long time, which are contributed by the accumulation of historic factors and the result of real factors. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in the year of 1949,has the farmer’s problem been solved? The answer is definitely no.At the Seventh Central Committee of the Sixth Plenary Session of communique(expand)in 1955,Mao Tsetung clearly pointed out that the farmer led by the Party overthrew imperialism and feudalism,which is the democratic revolution with characteristic of bourgeois.But the purpose of the working class is to further guide farmer into the socialist revolution.In other words,in the democratic revolution with the characteristic of bourgeois,the Party has successfully attracted farmers into the revolution and obtained the victory at last.The party not only wanted to win the victory,but also wanted to win the socialist construction,all of which require the support and participation of farmers.Therefore,"in order to consolidate the worker-farmer alliance,we must consolidate the alliance. To consolidate the worker-farmer alliance,we must solve their problems".We must strictly follow a principle in solving farmer’s problem,that is to give farmer’s hand and concrete benefits sincerely.The current situation of farmer is still grim:the difficulty of increasing farmer’s income, the more serious phenomenon of hollowing in rural areas.the low efficiency of agricultural production, the rapid development of industrialization can’t meet the needs of agriculture,countryside and farmer.In 2007,the goal of "To promote the establishment of agriculture, rural cities with long-acting mechanism, to form a new pattern of urban and rural economic and social integration"put forward at the 17th national congress of the communist party,which was the first time written into the party’s document clearly.Therefore,in this context,this paper has its unique value and significance.As the pioneer and founder of Marxism,Marx and Engels’theories had its limitions,but some aspects can’t adapt to the realistic situation. As Engels said:when we refute our opponents,we often have to emphasize the main principle that has been denied them,and time、place and opportunity pay due attention to other interactive factors.However,as long as the problem is related to a certain historic period,namely to actual application.the situation is different.It doesn’t allow any mistake.The basic principles have guiding significance in solving farmer’s problem in the new period. The paper is divided in to five parts:The first part is the introduction,which explains the background of the topic and significance of the study,makes a conclusion of research situation about farmer’s problem at home and abroad and the existing problems.On this basis,the author puts forward the research method、structure and the possible innovation.The second part clarifily combs the development of Marx and Engels’idea of farmer’s problem and carries out thorough analysis and research of idea’s development combined with the concrete revolutionary practice.First of all,Marx and Engels’idea is related to farmer’s problem.Second,their idea about farmer is a perfect system.Ths part analyses the development of Marx and Engels’idea about farmer from four periods:embryo、 formation、development and mature.The author makes a detailed analysis of the European Revolution in the year of 1848.Marx and Engels participated in the revolution for the first time personally.The second part analyzes the connotaion and reasons of Marx and Engels’idea about farmer.That is to say what’s problem of farmer’s problem in Marx and Engels’eyes.The author considers there are four basic aspects:The contradiction between the rolling of farmer and the firmness of revolution、the contradiction between the vulnerability of farmer’s political stand and revolutionary need, the contradiction between the conservation of farmer’s private ownership and the progressiveness of industrialization as well as the contradiction between the need of their continuing own survival and the inevitable ruin of small-scaled private land ownership.The author thinks there are the following three reasons occur these problems:the need of the revolutionary pracice>. the peculiarity of farmer’s culture and small-scaled private land ownership.The fourth part analyzes Marx and Engels’ way to solve the farmer’s problem from three aspects:the right guidance of proletarist and its party, the modern agricultural organization instead of the traditional agricultural form as well as the integration of urban and rural areas.Only through the right guidance of the proletarist and its party,and the the modern agricultural organization instead of the traditional agricultural form,the farmer’s interests will be protected. The farmers can positively join in the process of socialist revolution and construction. The integration of urban and rural areas can be realized, which is the free and all-round development of every person.The fifth part analyzes the position and temporary value of Marx and Engels’idea about farmer and the historical position has the following three aspects:Pioneering the Marxist farmer problem and an important part of Marxism theory system as well as accumulating experience for Marxists make the policies of farmer’s problem.It’s temporary value can be divided into three aspects:By the spirit of Marx and Engel’ understanding and analyzing the specific issues to solve farmer’s problem, ensure farmer’s interests, improve farmer’s quality and cultivate new-typed farmer.