| The tourism regional system is composed of tourist attractions, tourism destinations and tourists’ hometown, showing the spatial aggregation and agglomeration state. In view of the complexity theory, the regional tourism regional system is characterized by systematic, hierarchical, competing, open dynamic, fractal and self-organization. The study of chaos theory and complexity science provides the regional tourism system an important tool to take an in-depth study and offers a new paradigm.As an open complex system, the tourism regional system is constantly exchanging material, energy and information with the external environment, through the absorption of entropy which develops into a more mature stage. The tourism regional system is characterized by non-equilibrium: the development level of various tourist regions varies between systems. All of financial, policy, resources and other advantages will spontaneously come into the advantageous regional tourism system, so the non-equilibrium of the regional tourism system will be exacerbated. Moreover, from the internal perspective of the relationship between tourism regional systems, the nonlinear interaction of different elements, competition and cooperation mechanism between the subsystems and the entire complex adaptive system are their salient features.The tourism regional system has different fractal characteristics at different stages of development. The stages of regional tourism development are usually divided into discrete system stage, point-axis stage, and network stage. The general rule of its development is that from discrete system stage, to point-axis stage and then the network stage, which manifesting the complexity of the system. As for the evolution, the tourism regional system will experience life-cycle periods of introduction, growth, maturity and decline. As a social and economic system with the feature of dissipation, the regional tourism system arises from fluctuations. In the process of fluctuations, the tourism regional system shows the feature of self-organization.The thesis was divided into seven parts on the study content:Part 1: The introduction, instructed the background, purpose, significance, study content and methods of this thesis.Summarized and inductived the related study results both at home and abroad.And estabilished the study route in full.Part 2: Introducted the complexity science, the complexity, complex system, the development course, the relevant theories, the study results and applications in regional tourism system in detail.Part 3: Clarified the nature of tourism regional system, introduced the internal structure and external environment of regional tourism system through analyzing the basic principle of the run of tourism, and analyzed the constituent elements and related subsystems.Part 4: Studied on the interaction of tourism regional system through applying the basic complexity theories, discussed the interact mechanism of the external environment and internal system. Focued on the decisive role on the development of tourism regional system by the interaction within the system, pay attention on promote and impact roles on tourism regional system by the interaction with the external environment. In order to perceive the development mechanism of tourism regional system better, rich its theoretical basis, provide the good using for reference for tourism planning.Part 5: Studied on the spatial structure and the development and evolution of tourism regional system through applying the complexity theories and methoed. Described the “point-aixsâ€structure, the “core-edgeâ€structure and the “complex network†structure of tourism regional system, and clarified the formation mechanism of different spatial structure respectively. This thesis tried to discuss the space network structure of tourism regional system by using the fractal thought, and expanded the application of fractal theory in the study of tourism regional system. At the same time, took a coupling analysis on the life cycle and the capacity of environmental bearing for the tourism regional system, described the fluctuation and mutation of system evolution, and nalysised the self-organization model, evolution mechanism, and how to complete the system optimization.Part 6: Studied the elements structure, the spatial structure, the self-organized system of tourism regional system in Hei Longjiang province(tourist attractions and tourist service facilities) by using the gather method of fractal theory. Determined the strength of cohesion and the process of self-organizing evolution about the scenic spots and tourism service facilities. Heilongjiang Province is chosen as a case study area. We found out that the internal and external factors affecting Heilongjiang Province’s tourism regional systems including non-linear trend of tourism development environment, the environmental development and consumption levels of tourism in Northeast and other factors. The paper also uses aggregate fractal method to measure the spatial features of tourist attractions and tourist hotels in Heilongjiang Province. It was found that the geographical space of Heilongjiang tourism system shows a remarkable concentration of tourist attractions and hotels. Most of attractions and holes are located in the Capital of Heilongjiang, Harbin city. Thus future optimization strategies include that to develop tourist destination distributional systems; to guide Heilongjiang critical core nodes of tourist attractions; and to reinforce the province’s tourism service systems.Part7: The conclusion and prospect. Summaried and conclused the main study contents and the argument for this thesis overall, Put forward the major contribution of this Ph.D. Thesis on theory and practice and the problems which to be solved in the subsequent study process. |
