The Writing And Review Of Gengzi Incident

This paper studies the Gengzi Incident, one of the most important incidents happened in the modern history of China. That concept means the period from March in year Gengzi (1900) while Boxer Rebellion blew up in Peking, the center of Chinese Empire, to Empress Dowager Cixi and Emperor GuangXu returned back and public order restored after the Boxer Protocol was signed. Core of that period is the war between China and foreign armies from May to July.The existed research almost all states Boxer Rebellion as an entire period from starting of the Boxers to the sign of protocol in 1901. The most important part consists of declaring war of Qing Dynasty, invading of the allied force, and escape of Empress Dowager Cixi and Emperor GuangXu. However, essence of the Boxers changed after Qing government supported in public and declared war on enemies:it changed from internal local rebellion to war between China and big powers. This article focuses on Gengzi Incident, tries to extract different part from the existed concept of Boxer Rebellion, emphasizes the process and appearance of the Boxers after its essence changed in year Gengzi, and studies it as an isolated episode of history.At the beginning of this paper, the author introduced briefly the history of the Gengzi Incident, southern situation and relation between north and south in 1900, and main features of literature output of Gengzi. Chapter 2 and 3 describe special people, works and topics. They are organized in cases, discussing of people’s encounter in Gengzi Incident and related literature works. The author tries to recover almost all aspects of it through detailed descriptions and restoring scenes. Chapter 4,5 and 6 discuss three topics of different layers:tremendous implication on tradition, rising of popular enlightenment at the end of Qing Dynasty, and modernization of Peking. They try to describe significant impact of Gengzi Incident on the last 10 years of Qing Dynasty.In methodology, this paper tries to state all sides of Gengzi Incident in many layers, mainly through demonstration by related files, newspapers, notes and literature works, etc. It considers the occurrence of this Incident as "culture conflict", focuses on research of public opinion and people’s mind at that time, and also describes literature works and related social ethos and influence on history. At last, it summarizes the special purpose of Gengzi Incident in the process of modernization in the late Qing Dynasty, and states preliminarily on problems of culture transition.