Visual Analysis And Study Of Compensatory Relationships Among Facial Structures Of Oriental Females With Esthetically Pleasing Faces

Facial beauty depends on the harmonization of frontal appearance, profile, and oblique profile aesthetics. Except the occlusal function reconstruction, it is very important for the evaluation of facial contour harmony in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics. To some extent, soft tissue evaluation even prior to occlusal function evaluation.Currently, orthodontic treatment plan design and the postoperative curative effect evaluation still depend mainly on profile evaluation. But faces are natural transition of the Angle of surface structure,and the standard values of distance, line scale and angle that based on side face feature points reflect only the relationship between the line segments. So they cannot fully represent the relationship between contour curve segments of the profile. In addition, the profile is just one component of facial contour which cannot totally reflect the real compensation and coordination between human face structures. Moreover, there might be a blank design to predict a 3D simulation of the effect of visual computer operation with a 2D analytical method when we make operation plans in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics.We used 3D facial morphology data from people with harmony face structures as samples. The samples were grouped by gender and facial form in which the female samples are major subjects. We compared the harmonious face aesthetic characteristics of men and women and gender differences in aesthetic. And we tried to investigate the facial aesthetic rule of oriental women by applying Chinese traditional aesthetics and traditional Chinese painting composition methods for assisting the entire orthodontic plan. The full text is divided into four parts. 1. To set up average face model.The study objects are facial scanning data form 112 males and 103 females with harmony face structures. According to the Principle of affine transform projection, We Programmed in MATLAB, used Delunnei trigonometric interpolation method, then developed overall average face of men and women respectively and female average faces of five female face types. It’s the base to expand the research. 2. To investigate the facial aesthetic differences between genders.We analyzed respective average face of men and women with Morphology chromatographic analysis and a number of facial structure measurement to compare the effects on facial aesthetics between two genders. The results demonstrate all the harmony facies present asymmetry. The face central axis deviates to the right face. As the compensation, the right facial contour is larger. The facial aesthetic differences between genders are significant. Female facial contour appears as double "S" curves with gentle angle curvatures which look feminine; male facial contour is shown as zigzag line which is the "S" variant and looks rigid. For men, acceptable degree of micro protrusive facial type is high, while the female aesthetics tends to straight facial type. 3. Facial aesthetic differences between five female face types.The five types are Oblong face, heart-shaped face, diamond shaped face, round face, square face. We studied aesthetic compensatory relationship between the main outline and peripheral contour in different face types. The results reveal that as follows.(1) Take E line as reference, the protrusion of lips in oblong faces, heart-shaped faces and diamond shaped faces is almost the same. In square faces and round faces, there is a compensatory between lips protrusion and the faces types. Square faces lips protruding degree is the largest in all face types. The large lips protrusion and large curvature strengthen the lips form together, which transfer the observer’s attention to mandibular angles. Round faces lips protruding degree, curvature and the thickness of vermilion are the smallest. This can reduce overall rich sense of the faces. The lips in oblong faces may be the most attractive lips.(2) Forehead obliquity affect the position of the mandible. It and mandibular maintain women’s aesthetic face coordinatively.(3) Zygomatic protrusive angle in square face and lips are protrusion are obvious. This can distract the observers to the mandibular angle. Zygomatic protrusion in diamond faces is the minimum in all face types and can compensate obvious zygomatic arch protrusion. When converting the viewing angle to make the tip and side zygomatic- cheek- chin outline curve peaks overlap, the observer can judge whether patients with dentition crowding take extracting tooth correctional scheme without destroy the aesthetic facial features. 4. Clinical verification of the facial aesthetic rules.We used a case of a diamond face female patient with skeletal mandibular retrusion. The operation scheme design applied facial aesthetic rules, average diamond face template and characteristic curve. The generated rendering was under the patient evaluation. The patient accepted the effect and consented the modified operation scheme.In this paper, from the visual psychological observation view, we tried to combine the Chinese philosophy of humanism and the art of painting, to explore the harmony facial compensation rules and aesthetic principles between the facial soft tissue. Through further investigations, we demonstrated the importance of entire facial contour analysis to facial aesthetic evaluation. We think profile aesthetics coordinate with appearance aesthetics and oblique profile aesthetics. They all participate in the harmony faces construction. In order to balance the whole facial aesthetic coordination, profile structure’s slight imperfect or compromise might be more reasonable than the perfect profile aesthetic data. The compensatory relationships between face structures deduced from our study can assist to guide the formulation of clinical orthodontic and dentofacial orthopedic scheme.