| ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of hair growth characteristics, mechanical characteristics, amino acids, trace elements, cortisol,microstructure indexes in patients with 1-4 stage of Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD1-4), compared with healthy subjects, and were treated with Prescription HUSHEN NO.II. Changes of the hair of patients were measured before and after treatment,to provide evidences for the theory of ‘the Kidney Manifests Itself on the Hair’in Chinese Medicine and to expand the limitations to the study of the essence of kidney. MethodsAccording to the record ‘when a woman is seven years old,Kidney Qi becomes stronger, permanent teeth grow and the hair becomes longer…when a man is eight years old,Kidney Qi becomes stronger, the hair becomes longer and milk teeth fall out andare replaced by permanent teeth…’in Inner Canon of HuangDi,160 Han healthy volunteers living/residing in Wuhan city with between 0 and 80 years old were recruited and randomly divided into Group A(Male ~8 years old age group, female ~7 years old age group),Group IX buckle with each other more closely,is tending to level wavy ripples,the cell surface is smooth with no tilt,rupture,holes,swelling,longitudinal groove and off the ultrastructure changes.Patients with chronic kidney disease,hair cuticle arrangement unevenly,loose structure, shape and lose most rules of uneven thickness,surface roughness, free margin irregular,ripple crest,trough higher ups and downs, disorder of texture structure,spacing,micro process on the free edge and retuse sizes,show big,in small toothed inserted between the arrangem -ent of potential,in various forms,the majority of hair cuticle upturned,rupture, the visible part of the gap,the hair on the skin between the adhesion and the emergence of the phenomenon of falling off,shedding hair cortex exposed.On the other hand,accepted the routine treatment of patients,the majority of hair cuticle cells arranged unevenly,was basically large jagged array,local shape lose rules,texture is in disorder, some hair cuticle shedding,bare hair cortex, a part of hair dry surface slightly uneven.Accepted the Prescription HUSHEN NO. II in the treatment of patients,the hair skin arrangement less uniform,a small wavy waveform,peak spacing is smaller, basically a small jagged array, visible exposed hair cortex. Conclusion (1)For the healthy,the hair diameter, density of hair and the white hair ratio changed with Kidney Qi, and the change trend lined with Inner Canon of Huang Di on the Kidney Qi. (2) For the patients with Chronic kidney disease,the hair density reduced significantly, the white hair ratio increased, however,the hair diameter did not change significantly, the hair brittless reduced,toughness increased, reduce hair.Prescription HUSHEN NO. II was able to increase the hair density significantly, and to reduce the white hair ratio in patients with CKD1-4, and increase the hair toughness, brittleness. VIII group, were significantly decreased,which there was significant difference (P<0.05).The treatment group and the control group except alanine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, the other eleven kinds of amino acid content before and after treatment were significantly increased, with significant difference (P< 0.05), and in treatment group and control group after treatment there was a significant difference (P<0.05). （4）The results of NO.4 experiment showed that, for Cu content,the control group and treatment group compared with the normal group,increased significantly,the other 7 elements content decreased significantly, with significant difference (P<0.05).The treatment group and control group after treatme- nt, Cu content decreased significantly compared with those before treatment, the other 7 kinds of element content was significantly increased, there was significant statistical difference (P<0.05), and in treatment group and control group after treatment there was a significant difference (P<0.05). （5）The results of NO.5 experiment showed that,the correlation coefficient of hair cortisol content of BUN and chronic kidney disease in patients with r=0.655,P=0.00.Correlation coefficient hair cortisol content of Scr and chronic kidney disease in patients with r=0.838,P=0.00,correlation coefficient hair cortisol content of Ccr and chronic kidney disease in patients with r=-0.869, P=0.00.Compared with the normal group, control group and treatment group cortisol levels were significantly increased, with significant difference (P<0.05),compared with that before treatment,the treatment group and the control group after treatment,the cortisol were significantly decreased,with significant difference (P<0.05),the treatment group compared with the control group after treatment, there was significant difference (P< 0.05). （6）The results of NO.7 experiment showed that, the normal group hair cuticle cells were tile shaped overlapping arrangement, uniform in thickness, the lower edge of the lower part of the cuticle is on the edge of coverage, VII after treatment,micro structure changes were detected or calculated by S-3000N scanning electron microscope made in Japan. Results （1）The results of NO.1 experiment showed that,for the male form birth to ‘fourth-eight’,for the female form birth to ‘fourth-seven’,hair diameter showed a rising trend, and the speed was high. During the ‘fivth-eight’for men, ‘fivth- seven’ for the female the hair diameter was the most thick.After the ‘Sixth-eight’,‘sixth-seven’the hair diameter becomes smaller gradually. Man woman from postnatal hair follicle density remained unchanged,but after the ‘sixth-eight’,‘sixth-seven’,the hair follicle density decreases. Man woman from the birth, white hair ratio increased gradually after ‘sixth-eight’, ‘sixth-seven’ the rise rate is far higher than women. （2）The results of NO.2 experiment showed that,for hair diameter, no statistical differences were obtained among the three groups (P＞0.05).For hair density, there were significant differences across three groups(P<0.05), there was significant difference (P<0.05) between post-treatment and before treatment in both the control group and the treatment group and the treatment group was much more significantly different than the control group(P<0.05). For white hair ratio,no statistical differences were observed among the three groups (P＞0.05),and there was no significant difference (P＞0.05)between post-treatment and before treatment in the control group,on the contrary, there was significant difference(P<0.05)in the treatment group.For tensile strength and tensile strain,there were significant differences across the three groups (P<0.05),but there was no statistical difference was observed between post -treatment and before treatment(P＞0.05)in the control group,but there was significant difference(P<0.05)in the treatment group. （3）The results of NO.3 experiment showed that,for 14 kinds of amino acids, compared with the normal group,the control group and the treatment VI B(Male ~16 years old age group, female ~14 years old age group),Group C (Male ~32 years old age group, female ~28 years old age group),Group D(Male ~40 years old age group,female ~35 year old age group),Group E(Male ~48 years old age group,female ~42 years old age group),Group F (Male ~64 years old age group, female ~49 years old age group),Group G (~70 years old age group),Group H (>70 years old age group)by ages,each group with 10 cases of male and female,the changes of hair diameter, hair density,white hair ratio were detected or calculated with the change of Kidney Qi. Twenty Han healthy volunteers living/residing in Wuhan city were included in healthy group.One hundred cases of patients suffering from CKD1-4 were recruited and randomly divided into control group and HUSHEN NO.II treatment group with 50 cases in each group.The healthy group was not given any treatment,the control group received conventional treatment,and the treatment group were orally treated with HUSHEN NO. II in addition to conventional treatment. After 12 months, CBS-1800 skin and analysis system tested the changes of hair growth characteristics on hair diameter, hair density,white hair ratio of the three groups before and after treatment , Instron5848 Micro Tester tested the changes of hair biomechanical characteristics such as tensile strength,tensile strain,and the stress-strain curve was made up among the three groups before and after treatment.Pre column Derivatization High performance liquid Chro- matography tested the changes of hair amino acids of the three groups before and after treatment,inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry tested the changes of hair trace elements of the three groups before and after treatment, high performance liquid nano fiber solid phase extraction chromategraphy fluorescence tested the changes of hair cortisol of the three groups before and (3) 14 kinds of amino acid contents in hair of patients with CKD1-4 decreased significantly compared with the healthy, Prescription HUSHEN NO. II was able to significantly increase the content amino acids of hair in patients with CKD1-4. (4) Patients with hair copper content CKD1-4 increased significantly, the content of seven elements of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, selenium, tin, Sc decreased significantly, Prescription HUSHEN NO. II can significantly reduce the patients hair copper content, but the contents of seven elements of calcium, iron, magnesium, selenium, zinc, tin scandium camparede with the befor treatment increased significantly. (5) The hair cortisol content of patients with CKD1-4 and blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, creatinine clearance rate were positively correlated, one index of content of hair cortisol can be used as chronic kidney disease prediction.Prescription HUSHEN NO. II can be significantly reduced in patients with hair cortisol levels with patients in CKD1-4. (6) The hair of patients with CKD1-4 microstructure significantly changed, Prescription HUSHEN NO. II was able to significantly improve the hair microstructure with CKD1-4. (7) Through the six points above, we think that from the hair growth char -acteristics, biomechanics, amino acids, trace elements, cortisol, microscopic structure, as the theory of ‘the Kidney Manifests Itself on the Hair’ provides the material foundation, expand the scope of the study of kidney essence. |
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