| Plants are an important source of natural medicines, from which many natural medicines be beneficial to human health had been found so far. Bamboo plants is one of the important plant resources. Bamboo plants are rich in our country. Researches on bamboo chemical composition and utilization of bamboo resources had important scientific significance and applications value. Phyllostachys prominens,belonging to Gramineae, Bambusodeae Nees, Phyllostachys, are an important bamboo species for providing bamboo shoots. Bamboo leaves and bamboo shoots of Phyllostachys prominens were used as metarials to study the comosition. Then using HPLC combined with UV, 6 nucleosides and 2 amino acids from bamboo shoots were determined. The aim was in order to make better using of bamboo and bamboo shoots. The main reseach results were showed as followings.(1) Bamboo leaves of Phyllostachys prominens(10.0 kg), which were extract with 75% methanol in water at 80℃ for three times, were collected. Then residues dissolved in water were extracted by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol successively. Finally 20 compounds were isolated from leaves of Phyllostachys prominens by different chromatographic columns. Based on the spectral and phsical properties, they were as: amarusine A, Hydroxy-3-oxo-α-ionol glucosides, 6, 9-dihydroxy- megastig- mast-4,7- dien-3-one-9-O-β-D-gentiobioside, benzyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 5-O-dicaffeoy-lquinicacid, xylitol1-O-(6′-O-p-hydroxylbenzoyl)-glucopyranoside, 3,5,3’,5’- four methoxy-4-hydroxyl-(8-O-phenylpropanol)-7-O-glucosi de, 4, 4’, 9’- hydroxyl-3, 3’, 5, 5’-four methoxy-7, 7’-mono epoxylignan-9-O-glucoside, kynurenic acid, 3-O-p-coumaroyl-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimeth oxyphenyl)-1-O-β-gulcopyranosyl propanol, 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-O-β-D- glucoside- phenylpro panol, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, luteolin-7-C-arabinose, tricin-7-O-β-D-glucopy ranoside, tricin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, isoorientin, apigenin-6-C-xylopyranose-2"-rhamnosides, 2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b] indole-3-carboxylic acid, lyoniresinol-3-α-O-(6’’-3, 5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside.DPPH method were used to evaluate including antioxidant activity of 14 compounds with large amount from Phyllostachys prominens.Positive controls was TBHQ. Results showed that in addition to the compound 4, 6, 10, other compounds exhibited activity to clear DPPH radical to some extent. IC50 values of compound 1, 5, 8 were 33.5 μg·m L-1, 40.6 μg·m L-1 and 35.8 μg·m L-1, which were obviouslylower than the positive control and showed good antioxidant activity.(2) Bamboo shoots of Phyllostachys prominens(3.0 kg) were collected, then they were extract with 75% methanol in water at room temperature for three times. Through macroporous adsorptive resins, Sephadex LH-20 and high efficiency liquid phase preparative chromatography, seven compounds were isolated from bamboo shoots. Four were identified as nucleosides: guanosine, 2’-deoxyguanosine, adenosine, thymidine,which were first found in bamboo shoots except adenosine. The other three were identified as 1-methyl 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3- carboxylic acid, tryptophan, and phenylalanine and were first isolated from bamboo shoots of Phyllostachys prominens.(3) Analytes were separated on YMC Hydrosphere C18(5 μm,250×4.6 mm) with acetonitrile and 1.0 g·L-1 ammonium acetate in water as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1, and the detection wavelength was 254 nm except the wavelength of phenylalanine was 215 nm. The calibration curve was linear at the concentration ranger of 3.13-200.00 μg·m L-1 for phenylalanine, while for other analytes the concentration ranger was 0.22-60.00 μg·m L-1. The LOD and LOQ for analytes was in 0.008~0.500 μg·m L-1 and 0.025~1.600 μg·m L-1. With this method, eight analytes were separated in 16 min. In this method, the bamboo shoots was extacted with ultrapure water under ultrasonic at room teparature for 10 min. 8 analytes in bamboo shoots sample were identified based on the retention time and ultraviolet spectra. In additional, the recovery rate for 8 compounds were in the range of 85.72%-112.49% and RSD values was from 0.46 to 3.33%. The results showed this method was rapid, accurate, and reliable, which was applied to detemine the content of eight analytes in Phyllostachys prominens, Phyllostachys iridescins, Phyllostachys pubescens, and Phyllostachys praecox. It provided a method for quality control in bamboo shoots. Contents of eight compounds in Phyllostachys prominens were 32.56 mg·kg-1, 167.77 mg·kg-1, 435.25 mg·kg-1, 43.38 mg·kg-1, 59.88 mg·kg-1, 22.41 mg·kg-1, 547.48 mg·kg-1, and 1218.33 mg·kg-1 respectively. |
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