The Analysis Of Released Line In Yield Comparison, Fhb Resistance And Quality Identification In Winter Wheat In Nebraska In The U.S.

Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) is the crop of most consumption and planting area in the world. In China wheat is the second distributed to rice with about 3000 hectares which is the largest areas in the world. Not only does wheat play important roles in crops and industrial materials, but also in international trade and the protection of living. At present, the goals of wheat breeding in China are high yield with better quality. Although China tops the world’s yield in wheat, the contrast of quality with imported wheat still remains a big gap. Hence it is significant to consider the process of breeding of America as references. U. S. with diversely geological and climate is the most developed country in wheat production and plays a leading role in the world. Therefore, it’s important to conduct research on U.S. wheat breeding, disease resistance as well as quality accreditation. NE06545 in winter habit was released at the end of 2012 and entitled for promotion in January, 2013. Nebraska is one of domain wheat production area in the U.S. In this research NE06545 was targeted concerned in order to display tracking trials, FHB resistance and quality evaluation. The results showed:1. Trail tracking test In 2010~2012, seven locations of dry and irrigated land according to weather patterns and geographic characteristics of the state were trailed which showed:NE06545 was not only the highest yield in interstate but also in western of NE. It had excellent performance in both dry land and irrigated land. Although yield was reduced due to adverse weather in 2010~2012, the yield of NE06545 was in stable, which indicated its widely adaptation. NE06545 had an outstanding performance of yield at North Platte in the Nebraska Intrastate Nursery and Nebraska Triplicate Nursery during 2010~2012. The height of NE06545 was the lowest among all of the 26 cultivars.The results of comparative test for coleoptile showed the best timing for its length was 15 days of seeding age. NE06545 which was 9.3cm of length as well as Pronghorn and Settler CL belonged to long coleoptile cultivars. It well indicated the reason why wildly adaption happened in both dry and irrigated land.2. Identification of FHB resistance Fusarium head blight(FHB) is a severe disease which threatens the yield and quality of harvested grain products, hence causes food risks due to high mycotoxin deoxynivalenol(DON) accumulation. Harry, 2137 and NE06545 exhibited consistent trend to FHB under the infection of the greenhouse. 2137 was the highest infection and was significantly different comparing with Harry and NE06545. However, no significant difference existed between Harry and NE06545. 2010~2012 field results showed that 2137 index was significantly higher than the incidence of Harry and NE06545. The FDK of 2137 was significantly higher than Harry and NE06545. There was no difference for DON among the three cultivars at significant level. The concentrations of DON associated with FHB(%) were positive linear correlation, and the results for Harry and NE06545 very close according to the regression analysis of DON concentration and FHB susceptibility rate in 2010 ~ 2012. This result demonstrated DON concentration could be predicted by the infected rate of FHB according to linear correlation.3. Identification of wheat quality 48 lines were divided into three categories of hard, medium hard and soft grains according to hardness index measurement. Lines were planted at central plain, northern plain, southern plain and southern high plain. The results showed that protein content and flour ash were better performed in hard and medium hard than in soft wheat. Protein content of flour, water absorption, time, final viscosity and bread crumbs were significantly better in hard grain, but without significant differs between medium hard and soft grain. Index including baking score, correction time, stirring, maximum viscosity, low viscosity, RVA fracture values, bread weight, height bread, bread volume, volume weight indicated significant difference among three various. However, there was no significant difference for all lines in the indicators of peak time and pasting temperature.The milling rates for NE06545 was the highest. Four lines of NI08708, NE06545, NE07444 and NI07703 provided by NE were well performed not only on baking scores but also sliced bread. Besides that large differences appeared in different hardness various. Sliced bread of twelve lines was better performed as well as twenty-three testing lines. In all, hard grain had much better baked performances than medium hard and soft grain.