Study On Soil And Water Conservation Regionalization And Function Orientation

With beautiful Chinese ecological civilization construction and the national strategic target, the problem of ecological environment construction and regional sustainable development has become the focus of attention of many scholars. Soil and water conservation is a long-term basic state policy of China, soil and water conservation regionalization is the key premise of the planning. However, at the request of the new period, the problem of nationwide and large-scale soil and water conservation regionalization still has not been resolved. Based on the national primary soil and water conservation regionalizationsoil, this article is focused on systems, methods and functions of secondary and tertiary soil and water conservation regionalization. This paper is based on summarizing the relevant division results and a comprehensive analysis of China’s natural geography, soil erosion, ecological environment, social and economic characteristics. Giving full consideration to the characteristics and needs of economic and social development of regional soil and water conservation. The paper is to established the basic principles, methods and index system and put forward the type of soil and water conservation function, the evaluation index system and method. The data were collected through the National Soil and Water Conservation regionalization data reporting system. The paper completed secondary and tertiary soil and water conservation regionalization and functional orientation by remote sensing, geographical information system (ARCGIS), statistical analysis (SPSS, MATALAB) and other technical. According to the leading function, the paper put forward the prevention technology ways. This paper chooses Northwest Loess Plateau and South China red soil region as a typical case study. The purpose of this study is to provide a scientific basis for soil and water conservation regionalization and ecological environment construction. Ideas and results of this study are as follows:(1) This paper determines the soil and water conservation regionalization theoretical foundation and principles. Soil and water conservation regionalization is integrated sector economic regionalization, which is distinct but related to the completed the topography, soil and forestry regionalization. The regionalization was based on natural geographic differentiation theory, scientific theory and ecological economic theory, using principles of regional similarity and inter-regional diversity, combining the dominant factor with synthesis, regional continuity, taking the larger one, dominant function of soil and water conservation as the regionalization principles. The objectives and tasks of secondary and tertiary soil and water conservation regionalization raised by related division level hierarchy.(2) The paper constructs the index system and method of soil and water conservation regionalization. After analyzing the impact factors of soil erosion and soil and water conservation, the results showed that the index system consists of four aspects including natural geographic features, soil erosion elements, elements of land use and economic and social elements, combined with existing soil and water conservation research, this paper uses the top-down and bottom-up and the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to build soil and water conservation regionalization preliminary scheme. Component analysis, system clustering, artificial neural network (SOFM), the spatial overlay status evaluation and experts discrimination were defined as Soil and Water Conservation regionalization method. The county-level administrative regionalization was defined as the basic unit of regionalization.(3) Secondary soil and water conservation regionalization. The basis for regionalization was defined and the indicators include reference common indicators of the characteristics of dominant landforms and altitude, soil erosion type and intensity, hydrothermal indicators. The method of analysis is quantitative analysis, combined with qualitative. Northwest Loess Plateau as a instance, the average annual rainfall, vegetation cover and erosion intensity ratio were selected as the five leading indicators, through the use of system clustering method, the Northwest Loess Plateau is divided to five secondary regions. Spatial overlay analysis and artificial neural network model were used to analysis the secondary regionalization in Southern Red Soil Regions. Eight secondary regions were reached analyzing6indicators including the average annual rainfall,≥10℃accumulated temperature, land use type, soil type and others with spatial overlay. It is divided to eight secondary regions analyzing9indicators including the average annual rainfall, the average runoff,>15℃slope area ratio, more than mild erosion area ratio, mountain area and others with artificial neural network model (SOFM). By analyzing the results of two methods, combined with expert discriminant, Southern Red Soil Regions is divided to eight secondary regions.(4) Tertiary soil and water conservation regionalization. This paper proposes the tertiary soil and water conservation index selection principles and methods of regionalization. The tertiary soil and water conservation regionalization was studied by taking the Northwest Loess Plateau for example, and the classify of secondary regions were studied in comparison with the technical solution by factors. The index system of tertiary regions in Northwest Loess Plateau includs natural factors, factors of soil erosion, land-use factors and economic and social factors of a total of24indicators. The plan a is based on the combination of principal component analysis and system clustering method for the tertiary regions of each secondary regions. The plan b is based on the principal component analysis, cluster and spatial overlay by combining the elements. By contrast plan a and b, the Northwest Loess Plateau is divided into16sections combined with expert discriminant.(5)Soil and Water Conservation Function Orientation and partition prevention. This paper proposes8basic functions of soil and water conservation with the connotation and defined conditions, and the function of soil and water conservation evaluation index system and evaluation methods. Northwest Loess Plateau function importance evaluation map is obtained through the function of evaluation results of soil and water conservation, Then by spatial overlay analysis, received the Northwest Loess Plateau Soil and Water Conservation comprehensive evaluation map. The Soil and Water Conservation dominant function of each tertiary regions in the Northwest Loess is determined by stacked the comprehensive evaluation map with the tertiary regions boundary. The partition prevention technical ways is put forward by the dominant function of the tertiary regions.Through studies, the objectives and tasks of the secondary and tertiary soil and water conservation regionalization is defined clearly. This paper constructs the index system of soil and water conservation regionalization. and explores the dominant index, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, artificial neural network (SOFM), spatial overlay and expert evaluation division method in feasibility zoning of soil and water conservation. This paper first put forward positioned the tertiary regions by dominant function and the evaluation index system, and for the different partitions prevention technical approach. It is to provide the theoretical basis and practical significance for the regionalization and planning of soil and water conservation in china.