Strategic Planning Of Mining Under Buildings Based On Subsidence Controllability And Production Capacity Insurance

The problem of coal mining under buildings in coal mining area is very prominent.Coal mining under the village involved in mining, geology, mining subsidence, management, social and economic multi-discipline with a strong policy administration.And it is a comprehensive problem which is closely related to the social and economic development level of national and local. Removal mining can be fundamentally liberate the tie-up resources, but it can lead to many problem of land acquisition, relocation period, workers and peasants contradictions and one-time capital investment and so on. However the special mining technology, partial mining, often with the cost of a loss of resources greatly reducing the service life of the mine.And the mining efficiency is low, It is conflict with the requirements of mine production and resource recovery rate. Therefore, the relocation of the pressure coal village and special mining are difficult to decide. At present there is no systematic research results related to the relocation and exploitation of coal mining village. And the state and local governments have not issued relevant policies and regulations. In order to solve this problem, this article has carried on the research from the following aspects. The main contents are as follows:(1) Summarizes the commonly used technical methods for coal mining under buildings, railways and water-bodies in China, analyses the technical characteristics、cost and applicability of mining method, draw the basic affecting factors which selected by the coal mining method under different geological and mining conditionsStrip mining has a better control effect of surface subsidence.This technology applies to the mining of the production efficiency requirements low and the ground surface has an important protective cover under the object. In addition, it requires that the integrity of the roof of coal seam is better, simple geological structure and mining layers is generally not more than two layers of thick coal seam mining.The control effect of surface subsidence depends on the reliability of filling process, and the surface subsidence rate is 0.06 ~ 0.5 for different filling process types. However, the investment of this method is large, and the demand of filling material is large.It is suitable for the mining under the conditions of coal quality benefit, adequate filling material, high surface diving position, better roof and floor conditions and coal quality, large pressure coal, and difficult to move the high rank coal protection object.Harmonic extraction is based on two mining or mining area produce superposition of tension and compression deformation on the ground, so as a method to reduce the surface deformation.The production efficiency is high.And the surface deformation can be controlled within a certain range, but can not control the surface subsidence. This method requires a higher production management and the pressure of the last mining face is usually bigger. The surface subsidence rate is increased, which is not conducive to the protection of the building when the multiple coal seams or the number of layers and coordinate mining.This method is suitable for the mining of no more than two coal seams or layers under the condition of the buried depth of the submerged or hilly terrain."Mining-backfilling-keeping" mining is a new kind of rock movement control technology, based on the mining area is very inadequate, mining and filling surface as a whole is not sufficient, leaving small size of original coal column as a support, reducing roof disturbance degree, so as to effectively control the strata movement and surface subsidence. The method applicable to coal efficiency, large amount of coal, and has reliable filling technology and plenty of filling material in mine production.And it can meet the requirements of the pressure coal object difficult removal, high efficiency, high recovery rate and surface subsidence control.(2) The introduction of village relocation mode and its implementation method, put forward the existing problems in the current village relocation mining and established the principle of village relocationVillage relocation mode can be summarized into three categories, respectively:(1) mine is in full charge of the village relocation and resettlement;(2)mining capital contribution and the local government to carry out specific implementation of relocation and resettlement of the village(3)the mine and local government jointly implemented village relocation and resettlement.However, there are some problems in the relocation.(1)the village relocation is difficult and moving period is long;(2)the cost of relocation is so high that the enterprise is difficult to bear;(3)village relocation lack some concrete measures for technical and economic policies and regulations related.Established the principle of village relocation:(1)taking into account the interests of the state and farmers. Regarded the new rural construction as the guide and regarded overall planning, resource conservation, reasonable compensation, high efficiency and convenienceas the purpose.(2)it must comply with local land use planning and must be advantageous to the construction of small towns. It should choose low land where the infrastructure is relatively complete, and must convenient production and living.It must conducive to the rational layout of the village and accounts for less or do not take a fertile land, avoiding secondary pressure coal for siting.(3)the implementation of government regulation, mining village voluntarily, all-in budget and deadline to complete, unified leadership, unified planning, unified capital standard, unified management, unified construction building agreement and former hang time management mode and the system of capital.(3) According to the reality of Kailuan mining area, from the perspective of long term goals and overall, comprehensively explained the connotation of the coal mining under buildings, railways and water-bodies under the strategic thinking. It puts forward the strategic thought, strategic principle and technical route of the. Coal mining under buildings, railways and water-bodies. The interpretation of the planning mining in Kailuan mining area under construction and puting forward the principles of the coal mining under buildings, railways and water-bodies:(1)strategic thinking: based on the overall planning and direction, classification guidance;(2)strategic principles: safety, security capacity, insurance benefits, a positive innovation, and steady;(3)technical ideas: Mining moved combination taken charge stay coordinated, multi-channel, multi comprehensive techniques.The lower pressure coal of Kailuan Mining Area caused serious problems:(1)production in tension, restricting the mining safety, succession planning, design and implementation, the recent production capacity is difficult to guarantee;(2) affecting long-term mine planning, limiting long-term development. Its significance lies:(1)the inevitable requirement of reasonable recovery of coal resources;(2) the necessary requirement to maintain normal production and excavation of mine succeeding;(3) The requirement of increasing mine recoverable reserves, the mine aging potential and extending the service life of the mine;(4) the effective way of improving economic efficiency, seeking survival and seeking development.Coal mining under buildings,railways and water-bodies of Kailuan mining area followed the principles are:(1) on the premise of recycling, safe production and economic benefit as the core, to achieve coal mining under buildings,railways and water-bodies that stable production capacity, high efficiency, high extraction rate and sustainable exploitation;(2)the lowest cost, the fastest time, give attention to both resource quality and production efficiency;(3)mining area does not appear a large area of subsidence and stagnant water, to ensure the building(structure) materials are used safely, and does not appear houses are damaged seriously;(4) according to the importance and the level of protection, to combine move with not move, combine subsidence water with discharge hydrophobic region and combine the continuing long-term with planning combined recently;(5)technological innovation and integration as a means to " Mining-backfilling-keeping " mining with appropriate technical means for the relocation and more effective filling method classification guidance.(4) Establish the mining and moving evaluation form related to the technology of coal mining under buildings, railways and water-bodies, geological conditions of mining,the type of mining development, coal pressured and other factors.According to the depth of phreatic surface, the integrity of the roof, coal quality and pressed coal mine size and stage of development, analyzing the adaptability of moving mining 、strip mining、filling mining、mining-backfilling-keeping mining of the relocation of mining, strip mining, backfill mining, " Mining-backfilling-keeping " and comprehensive mechanized longwall mining, making the evaluation form of the three moved down coal mining method.(5) According to the professional knowledge background of decision makers, the mining and moving approach and mining and moving decision-making model of coal mining under buildings, railways and water-bodies were proposed respectively. The mining and moving approach was based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and the mining and moving decision-making model was based on the capacity support. Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is applicable to the analysis of people with rich practical experience and professional knowledge, and the requirements for the evaluation experts are higher. This method is simple, practical and systematic. The mining and moving decision-making model based on capacity support is to evaluate all the factors into economic indicators. The requirements for the evaluation experts are lower. But it has larger dependence on the mining subsidence prediction and the damage compensation quota rationality。It suit for the mine which have the relevant policies or compensation experience.(6) Use the principle of strategic planning, propose the basic mining method in A mining; according to the mining and move decision model, applied analytics the coal mining approach under buildings, present the coal mining plan under buildings in panel seven in A mine area.Solution to coal mining under buildings,railways and water-bodies of A mine:(1)measures simultaneously. Partial relocation is taken as the high efficient mining. Partial special mining method is carried out to build resource recovery to ensure the production and control of surface environmental damage and to easy repair and timely and effective governance;(2)reducing cost. According to the occurrence condition of coal seam, coal characteristics and coal pressure size and development plan, the village of coal seam stability, coal quality benefit better and presses the coal amount relatively large villages are selected as priority relocation village. And it can be used to the lowest cost of relocation recycling resources;(3)village relocation measures must be combined with policy, the current urbanization construction and government development planning, such as the bungalow changed building measures and so on. It must reduce the pressure on land acquisition and save land resources;(4)the technology must be innovation and positively study and practice the new efficient and impairment of mining under building technology.The proposed mining scheme of Seven mining area is coordinated strip filling mining. 70 m of mining width and 80 m of leave width. In order to improve the efficiency of the system, it can take the way of increasing the direction of the working face length and designing the working face cross 7 mountain track. And it can solve the difficult of auxiliary shaft lifting pressure because of the lifting of underground coal gangue.