Characters And Evalutionary Process Of Residential Area In Guangzhou After Early Twentieth Century: A Typo-morphological Approach

Historical thinking is an important framework for Urban Morphology based on the Germany morphorogenetic research tradition. Highlight the relation between every type of built spaces is main component for Architectural Typology developed from Italian design typology. These are of the two important approaches which appreciate and interpret the urban form transformation under socio-economic changing in western. They both analyze physical characters and identify urban form into units by four dimensions thinking. As a result, these two methods can be acknowledged as a Typo-morphology concept. The new approach understands the physical characters of urban form by the analytical and conceptual research framework in Urban Morphology, and comprehends the mental characters by processional concept in Architectural Typology.The residential areas in Guangzhou after early twentieth century will be investigated by employing adapted Typo-morphological approach. That approach is revised following the socio-economic background and historical records in Guangzhou city. Building type and type of ground plan are the major elements in the investigation following the adapted approach. This thesis consists of two major parts. The first one which includes the chapter 3~5 will explore the characters of every types of the residential form existing in three periods, 1907-1949, 1950-1979 and from 1980 to now. The evolutionary processes each in space dimension and time dimension of those types will be analyzed in chapter 6 which is as the second part.In chapter 3, there are four types of residential form will be analyzed. Those types of forms are constructed under the background that most of the land belongs to private. Those types of residential form are Zhutong-Wu Area, Qingzhuang-Dazhai Area, Qilou Area and Hongqiang-Bieyuan Area. The former three types can be identified by the building types, and the last one is different from the others in building type and type of ground plan. Produced by Traditional Housing Concept, those types of residential form can be fitted together in every layout.In chapter 4, the analysis is under taken for three types of residential forms, Determinant Apartments Area, residential area for research institutions and Oversea Chinese village. Those types exist from 1950 to 1979 when the land can be accessed permanently and for free. Determinant Apartments Areas built during 1950 s are different from that during 1960-70 s in the building form. Residential area for research institutions is high standard form of the Determinant Apartments Area. As the result of houses and flats were fitted together organically, Oversea Chinese Village was the only one residential area constructed in highest standard. All those residential forms which were produced following the Government-led Housing Concept are homogeneous and convergence.In chapter 5, four major types of residential forms, Hong-Kong-style Garden Area, Mixed Form Area, Tower Blocks Area and Down Town Garden Area will be introduced. Those types were constructed from 1980 s to now when the land shall be accessed in term and by paid. After that the market mechanism was introduced into the housing process, the residential form becomes highly diversified. Difference building types and types of ground plan can be critically united by responding to the location, demand and quality of the residential area. Under that kind of Market-led Housing Concept, each residential area can be united as a piece of puzzle.In chapter 6, there is comprehensive analysis about every type above. The evolutionary processes of the types of residential form will be measured by the progressive introduction of every building type, type of ground plan and type of residential form united by them. By locating amount of housing cases in a map, how the residential area of difference types seeking the location will be understood. However, the process of the former form was replaced and the products during that period can be uncovered by measuring the redevelopment sites.There are three Typo-morphological Periods during the one hundred years history for the residential areas development in Guangzhou city. Moreover, the facts that there are three kinds of house layout, two kinds of types of ground plan and the western housing concept deeply encouraging the evolutionary processes can be recognized. After the above case study, the keys of typo-morphological approach and its advanced role of interpretation about the origin and development of form can be revealed.