Methods Of Reclamation Impact Evaluation On Marine Resources

Reclamation is a kind of effective means for the human to seek for productionand living space on the sea, as an important way for human for development andutilization of coastal zone. Reclamation has influence of different levels on almost allthe aspects of marine resources, although the implementation of it as brought manybenefits, like increasing the land area, so as to meet demand for lands such as portterminals, port-surrounding industrial zone and logistics parks, etc., bringing aboutsignificant economic benefits. However, it also suffers from a great influence on themarine resources, such as fishery resources recession, change in hydrodynamicenvironment, damage in the spawning ground and habitat for fish, shrimp andshellfish, the natural balance of the coast and seabed is broken, some coastal naturallandscape is affected and so on.This paper concludes the research status at home and abroad about reclamation,it points out the problems that exist in the reclamation, summarizes the marineresources at home and abroad, reclamation’s effect on marine resources and theevaluation method for the reclamation on the marine resources and analyzes themarine resources under the effect by the reclamation, in addition, this paper alsoclassifies the marine resources, sets up a framework about the effect by thereclamation based on DPSIR on the marine resources, and the marine resources underthe effect by the reclamation are divided into port channel resources, tourismresources, fishery resources, spatial resources and other resources.In this article, through the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, itpreliminarily establishes an evaluation indicator system for the effect by thereclamation on marine resources, it applies Delphi method for screening theevaluation indicators of the effect by the reclamation on marine resources, finally theevaluation indicator system for the effect by the reclamation on marine resources isdetermined and the evaluation indicators are defined and the calculation method ofevaluation indicators is determined. It applies AHP to respectively determines theweight of the reclamation of which the leading resource is port channel resources, thereclamation of which the leading resource is tourism resources and the reclamation of which the leading resource is fishery resources in the evaluation indicators of theimpact on the marine resources; it applies the method combining AHP and Delphi todetermine the comprehensive weight of reclamations with different leading resources’effect evaluation indicators for the marine resources, and it proposes evaluationstandard of the reclamation’s effect on the marine resources.This paper applies the established evaluation model to evaluate the impact on themarine resources by the Caofeidian reclamation in the Bohai Bay and reclamation inthe Tianjin Binhai new area, it applies MIKE for hydrodynamic numerical simulationof the Bohai Bay to analyze the impact by the Bohai Bay and reclamation on thehydrodynamic force, influenced by the change of the shoreline, the tidal currentvelocity and flow near the engineering change obviously; it applies ARCGIS forextraction of remote sensing coast of Bohai and compares the change in the length ofartificial coastline of the Bohai sea and the change in the length of the naturalcoastline; it analyzes the status of the Caofeidian reclamation in the Bohai Bay andreclamation in the Tianjin Binhai new area, it also refers to the statistical yearbookand statistical bulletin, collects the indicator value of the port channel resources,tourism resources, fishery resources, spatial resources and other resources within theCaofeidian area and the Tianjin Binhai new area, it conducts a standardizationprocessing of the data of the evaluation indicator to determine the comprehensiveweights of evaluation indicators in the evaluation area and it conducts an assessmentof the impact by the reclamation on marine resources respectively during2005~2008and2008~2011. The evaluation results show that during2005~2008, the Caofeidianreclamation has an impact of0.4~0.6on the marine resources which is a generaldegree of influence, and the acceptance degree belongs to conditional acceptance state;In2008~2011, the comprehensive coefficient of impact evaluation of the Caofeidianreclamation on the marine resources is between0.6and0.8, the influence degree issmaller and the acceptance degree is acceptable; During2005~2008, the impact bythe reclamation in the Tianjin Binhai new area on the marine resources is between0.4and0.6, the influence degree is smaller and the acceptance degree is in a conditionalacceptable state; from2008to2011, the influence degree of the reclamation in theTianjin Binhai new area on the marine resources is larger and the acceptance degree isin a conditional acceptable state.This paper applies the Microsoft Visual Basic6.0programming software todevelop an evaluation system for the reclamation’s impact on the marine resource, which can realize visual management operation, and it conducts a comparisonbetween the management at home and abroad for reclamation and the paper proposessuggestions on the protection measures through reclamation for the marine resourcesand development focusing on saving sea.