The Study On The Current Ecological Environment Situation And Its Developmental Feather In Off-Shore Area Of Shandong Province (Focus On Yellow Sea)

Since the development of human and global environment change, marine ecologicaland chemical environment is in a constantly changing progress. To understand thespecies, quantities and population structure of marine lives as well as thecharacteristic of marine chemicals, marine environmental investigation should beconducted. The results are beneficial to coastal marine environment protection andscientific management of marine resources.In this study, the marine environmental investigation was conducted in Shandongcoastal area. Then the results of this investigation were used to analyze the special andtemporal distribution, variation, formation mechanism and driving factors of bothbiological and chemical elements. Meanwhile, the contents, distributions andvariations of pollutants in water columns and sediments were also realized, as well asthe possible impacts of pollutants on marine ecosystem. The historical evolutioncharacteristics and evolution driving forces of chemical and biological elements wererevealed. Finally, the marine environmental quality of typical coastal area inShandong was evaluated. Main results of this study were as follows:1. Generally, Shandong coastal environmental quality was good. The mainpollutants in water columns were heavy metals (mercury, lead, cadmium, zinc) andnutrients (especially active phosphate). Pollutant contents investigated in sedimentswere below standards except for total nitrogen. Sediment quality was generally goodand had low potential ecological risk. Pollutants posed no threat to the coastalsediment. In addition, biological quality of Shandong coastal area was also good.Pollutant contents in marine organisms remained at low levels except for petroleumhydrocarbon residues. At the same time, the results showed that Shandong coastalarea had high primary productivity, high biodiversity, good species evenness and thecommunity structure showed certain spatial heterogeneity.2. Shandong coastal environment changed significantly. Since the1980s, theprimary productivity observed in this study was significantly higher than that in the1980s. From the1950s until now, the abundance of phytoplankton in Shandong coastal area has grown obviously, with gradient increase in the maximum values.Significant increases were also observed in phytoplankton species, zooplanktonbiomass and zooplankton species. However, the biomass of macrobenthos showedupward trend after the first drop.Since the1980s, the chemical element in Shandong coastal area has changedsignificantly. The water temperature has significantly increased. The high temperaturearea centralized in southern coast of Rizhao, which distributed dispersedly in southerncoast of Shandong in1980s, While the low temperature area in this investigationcentralized in Rongcheng Bay. Compared to the1980s, the seawater pH value hassignificantly decreased and the dissolved oxygen has significantly increased.3. Ecology environment in Shandong coastal area was influenced by a varietyof anthropogenic factors. Water environmental elements were used to figure out theanthropogenic driving factors of environmental change: land-based sources of sewage,aquaculture, overfishing, oil spills, land reclamation, costal construction, power plantcooling water, coastal tourism.4. The annual general ecosystem service in Shandong area amount to106.16×10~9yuan. In2006, the seven core ecosystem functions provided by this areaamounted to106.16×10~9yuan. Among these, recreation and food production are themost important service which value72×10~9and25.23×10~9yuan respectively. Thesetwo services value is91.59%of total value from all services, while other servicesvalue is below5%respectively.