The Study On The Optimization Of Mineral Resource Taxation Based On Sustainable Development

Some developing countries and Transition Economies highly rely on the exploiting and exporting of mineral resources to provide financial income. For the short term, largely exploiting and exporting of the native mineral resources bring large financial income. But for the long term, whether have these countries earned enough returns? Whether have these countries carried too many risks? These two basic questions must be highly concerned by the national system designers including our country. How to balance between the exploiting and storing of mineral resources, between the government and corporations, between the contemporary economics and future development is an important part of the strategy of mineral resources, and this is also the initial point of the study.Taxation policy is an important instrument of the government interventions to mineral resource industry. The government interventions through taxation are absolutely necessary to the optimum exploiting of mineral stores, the maximization of mineral rents, and the sustainable development of mineral resources.The mining taxation systems of China and foreign countries have great differences in the taxation structure, tax burden, income tax, royalty payment, and tax preference. So, China must find the tax system of suiting national conditions. The study found that developed countries had gradually formed special tax systems through long practice. The core content is that the financial system mainly relies on the royalty system, and excess profit tax can be comprehended to"super"royalty.This essay clearly put forward that promoting the sustainable development of mineral resources is the ultimate target of the mining taxation reformation. And designing the optimum tax system to balance between the mining corporations and stakeholders (including governments and society) is the task of this study. After the comparative study of mining taxation between China and other foreign countries and taking apart the game relations of some stakeholders in the mineral exploiting, this essay analyzes deeply the optimization of tax categories and structures. The total policy suggestion is to abolish resource tax and mineral resource compensation, to establish the new model giving priority to royalty and value added tax, to start collecting environmental protection tax, and to design tax preference policy again.This essay mainly adopts some study methods including historic analysis, international comparison, regression analysis, intersection study, questionnaire survey. By means of the rationales, such as mineral economics, public economics, welfare economics, etc, this essay discusses generally the history, questions, reasons, and reformation direction of Chinese mineral taxation structure. Meanwhile, this essay applies income present value model and rare evaluation model to provide quantitative analysis instruments for the establishment of mining taxation.