Institutional Economics Study On Rural Cooperative Economic Organizations

The late 1970s and early 1980s, all over the country promoting agricultura operation system, implementation of household contract responsibility system, economic reconstruction of the farmers. This system mobilizes the enthusiasm of farmers and creativity, liberation and development of rural productive forces. However, the implementation of the family contract system in China also formed a single small-scale farmers in production and management structure, to a certain extent, caused by excessive production and operation of the rural households and non-decentralized organization of the problem. Increase the degree of peasant organizations, rural economic organizations must rely on the innovation system. Operating system in the peasant family on the basis of the development of specialized cooperative economic organizations, is to cultivate the main competition in the market, solve the big market of small production and the conflict between effective way to enhance the degree of peasant organizations, promote agricultural industrialization and modernization process in important ways . However, compared with developed countries, China's rural cooperative economic organizations still in the initial stage, organizations strength is not strong, non-standard operation, the operating mechanism is not perfect, far from playing its due organizational advantages. China's rural cooperative economic organizations in the fierce market competition in the survival and development, more attention should be paid to comply with the basic principles of cooperative organizations, to follow the development of the organization, through the successful experience from developed countries, in the process of development-oriented system innovation.In this paper, more systematic description and analysis of the rural cooperative economic organizations related to the economic theory system, including the system of property rights, institutional change and innovation, incentive and mechanism design theory, system performance, and so on. Hunan farmers as well as through the sample survey of the organization, from practice, further comparative study of the East Central China's farmers will demand cooperation, sum up the current Hunan rural cooperative organizations the main problems, and introduced by the United States, Japan rural cooperative The successful experiences of organizations, to draw on the useful suggestions.Through analysis found that: (1) rural cooperative economic organizations are bound to have a logic. Rural cooperative economic organization belonging to the selection of system changes. The system changes induced factors, we hope to maximize the potential profits: access to economies of scale; external and internal profits; withstand risks; reduce transaction costs. (2) cooperative economic organizations system innovation, we should focus on the expected return is greater than expected costs. Rural cooperative economic organizations as a system of innovation, a most basic function is to save for one or more people enhance their own economic welfare rather than to reduce the welfare of others, or the economy so that more people in their budget Constraints to a higher level of the target. (3) Cooperation Organization define property rights is weighed against its revenues and costs after the game balanced. Many economists define the fuzzy on the cooperative property rights despite the criticism justified, but also more or less ignored the issue of the definition of property rights on the other hand, define property rights costs. (4) of rural cooperative economic organizations are fair and efficient point of balance. Rural cooperative economic organizations and joint-stock companies than do low efficiency, but the rural cooperative organizations have maximum extent possible to resolve the question of equity. (5) organization must design an appropriate incentive mechanism to achieve their public interest. For the same targets, different economic mechanism design, by the achievement of the objective (mechanism effect) is not the same.