The Study On Rural Neo-cooperative Economic Organization In China

Since the reform and opening-up, especially since 1980s, with the establishment of Rural Household Contract Responsibility System, the rural area of China enters a new development stage under the policy of two-tier management system that integrates unified with separate management. This reform greatly emancipates and develops productive forces of rural society, promotes the development of agriculture, incensement of farmer’s income and change of rural area. The problem of farmers’ food and clothing has been solved, which had existed for thousands of years. However, since 1990s, new problems have arisen on rural economy and development of countryside:oversupply of agricultural products; vulnerable position of farmers in the markets; stagnation of farmers’ income. Therefore, we should improve farmers’ competitiveness in the market and support farmers to access the market by farmer organizing. Under this situation, rural neo-cooperative economic organizations are formed, which are of great help to solve the problems of agriculture, farmer and rural area. The emergence of these neo-cooperative economic organizations has drawn attention of government and society, increased farmers’ enthusiasm to go to market and promoted the construction of New Socialism Countryside. Therefore, research on neo-cooperative economic organizations in rural regions is of profound theoretical and practical significance.Based on unity of logical and historical, comparative analysis and typical cases study and so on, the paper exerts on principle theory of scientific socialism in order to study on connotative meanings, characteristic, nature and development tendency of neo-cooperative economic organizations in rural regions. There are main contents in the paper as followings:Firstly, this thesis defines connotative meanings, nature, characteristic and functions of neo-cooperative economic organization in rural area. The thesis defines rural neo-cooperative economic organizations as agricultural cooperative movement of the primary stage of socialism in China bases on the household contract responsibility system and the land use contracts. Then the thesis discusses the constructive rules and functions of society and economy of the rural neo-cooperative economic organizations at present in order to maximize their economic benefits. And the thesis compares rural neo-cooperative economic organizations with traditional rural cooperative economic organizations in ChinaSecondly, research on theoretical principle and history of development in rural cooperative economic organizations. As a socialist state, development of neo-cooperative economic organizations depends on Marxist-Leninist principles and Mao Zedong Thought, so the paper analyses cooperative economy thought of Mars, Engel, Lenin, Stalin and Mao Zedong and their characteristic. And the paper discusses historical value of forerunners’ cooperative economy thought. Then, the paper describes history of development in rural cooperative organizations since 1910th, and analyses characteristic and experience of rural cooperative organizations through various stages of development, which provides neo-cooperative economic organizations with practical experience under current condition in China.Thirdly, the thesis studies the development situation and characteristics of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations, and furthermore summarizes its basic development experience. This thesis discusses the development situation and characteristics of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations from three aspects:(1) the continuously growth of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations; (2) improvement of legislation and formalizing rural neo-cooperative economic organizations; (3) emergence of some typical cases. Based in literature review and analysis of practical situation, this thesis proposes the five basic experiences of rural neo-cooperative economic organization development:policy support of central government; farmers’ voluntary participation; development of market economy; scientific management and improvement of farmers’ qualification.Fourthly, this thesis studies the problems of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations and their solutions. This thesis analyses the problems and constrain factors of the development of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations in terms of social and economic system, farmers’ qualification, and organization structure. So the paper puts forward some countermeasures as followings:strengthening government support of development of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations; improving legislation of rural cooperative organizations and fromalizing their institutional arrangement; optimizing operation mechanism of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations and promoting development model; identifying the key points of different development stages of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations; intensifying public campaign, education and training; optimizing the game strategies in competition with other economic organizations, constructing win-win solutions.Fifthly, based on the scientific concept of development, this thesis analyses the theory and practice of rural cooperative economic organizations in foreign regions. This thesis analyses the development situation and patterns of different agriculture cooperative organizations in Japan, Europe and the North America, reveals the nature of two main stream types:market-driven and government-driven, and analyses the enlightenment to the development of our rural neo-cooperative economic organizations using scientific socialism theory:it is an important method for solving the problems of "Agriculture-countryside-farmer" to develop the rural neo-cooperative economic organizations; it should combine the proper government support with market mechanism to develop the rural neo-cooperative economic organizations; it should well balance specialization with integration to keep the vitality of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations; it should choose the right development method according to different conditionsThe innovations of this thesis includes as followings:This thesis systematically discusses the development history of rural cooperative economic organizations of our country and summarizes their development principles. By using the theory of scientific socialism, this thesis studies the development history of agriculture cooperation, studies the rural cooperation movement led by Nationality Government of China and CPC party after the "5.4" Movement, explores the characteristics of rural cooperative economic organizations at their different development stages of our country, reveals the nature and characteristic of rural cooperative economic organizations.By studying the important functions of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations of our country in promoting the socialization, specialization and Marketization of agriculture, increasing international competitive advantage, building the new socialist countryside and moderately prosperous society, this thesis explores the new road to solve the problems of "agriculture-countryside-farmer" under the background of globalization and international financial crisis.By studying the current practice of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations of our country, this thesis summarizes its basic experience and find its main characteristics and principles. Meanwhile, by using the theory of scientific socialism, this thesis discusses the relationship between the rural neo-cooperative economic organizations and other social organizations, and the function and positioning of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations in the whole rural social organization system.This thesis studies the institutional environment of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations, farmers’ qualification and the problems inside the organizations, explores new idea for developing rural cooperative economic organization. The rural neo-cooperative economic organizations should be under the guidance of the CPC party and government, under the guidance of laws. By improving the internal operation mechanism, improving farmers’ qualification, efficiently coordinating the interest contradiction among different organizations, it could promote the development of rural neo-cooperative economic organizations.This thesis studies various development theories and history of rural area and agriculture cooperative organization of foreign countries, briefly introduces their current situation and characteristics, analyses their basic types and typical patterns, summarizes their basic experience and lessons. Therefore, this thesis could find the enlightenment for promoting the development of our rural neo-cooperative economic organizations and provide the CPC party and government with reference in making the support policies.The in sufficiencies of this thesis are:Limited by my research and knowledge on the cooperative economic theory of Marxism-Leninism and Maoism, the analysis in this thesis on some historical and practical problems may be superficial.It needs further study on the nature and characteristic of rural neo-cooperative economic organization because of its short history and rapid change.Limited by the length of this thesis and my time, some chapters are very brief. They need to be further explored and discussed.