| China is a big agricultural country with over 70% of the population in rural areas. To solve the problem of rural endowment is to solve the basic life problems for the majority of old people in China. Therefore, it is necessary to establish and consummate rural endowment insurance rural in China for the stability of rural areas, strengthening the base of agriculture in the whole economy and upholding normal process of marketing economy. At present, China is carrying on two dualistic endowment insurance system, in which government pays much attention to urban areas, that is, to solve problems of endowment for urban population. While rural endowment insurance is just on the start, with a policy of mainly developing on private payments, accompanied with government's subsidies. With today's aging population, the establishment of endowment insurance rule has been on significant social rule throughout the world. And some economists attach importance to the research, putting forward theories in welfare economics political Economics and New-classical School. The endowment insurance can be classified into patterns, insurance-aided pattern, welfare-government pattern and compulsive savings pattern, from the angle of availing rules carried by countries. Throughout the world of the three patterns, the compulsive savings pattern on behalf of Singapore and Chile is getting more attention by many countries. And it is the accumulative savings pattern that is applied to Chinese rural endowment insurance. Great changes have taken place in rural areas in China after reform and opening up. In the field of rural endowment insurance, the former rules arrangement have received great challenges, and rural endowment insurance rural has already turned up and got some development. In Jan, 1991, Congress decided to appoint people's Politics Sector to choose a few areas as a try to establish the rural endowment insurance rule in country town. In Feb. People's Politics Sector set up "the rural old age insurance office"in charge of the work. In Jan,1992, 《the basic scheme on rural endowment insurance in country town》was handed out throughout China. By 1998, a certain achievements have been made. The number of people issuing the rural endowment insurance has added up to 80250000 with 16620000000 RMB pension funds. However, Congress then decided to appoint Labor Security Sector in charge of the work instead of People's Politics Sector in 1998.For lack of the decline and has already been stopped so far. Some people, including a few policy-maker, have less confidence in it. It also leads to some problems, such as the instability of endowment insurance rules, difficulties in value-keeping and value-adding of the pension funds, lack of relative laws and orders, and the bad sustainable development of the rule. In order to realize the sustainable development of rural endowment insurance rules in China, First of all, we should create a better environment for the development of endowment insurance in the aspects of rules arrangement. It includes consummating the management sector and solving the difference in which sector it belongs to; establishing relative law and order as soon as possible and complete the law system; formulating scientific rate of insurance premium on the base of comprehensively considering the economic development, rural situation and basic life demands for support of peasants; setting up private accounts for every peasant who issuers in rural endowment insurance and increasing transparency of the accounts with register on every individual payment, collective and government's subsidy and increased value of the pension funds; establishing and consummating the service wets by LaborSecurity Sector to give better service for pay holders; developing other supplements to accompany to the rules since it is a comprehensive system. Second, we should guarantee value-keeping and value-adding of pension funds to fulfil original promises to peasants and get rid of their worries about insurance. It includes guarantying the pension funds in accordance with peasants basic life demands in the future by means of calculating payments according to their net private income last year; setting up management sectors for the pension funds in the provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities in charge of the investment and management to solve the problem of small scales and narrow investment channels, and fulfill the multivariate of the investment channels by government's admitting a number of funds to the Capital market, financial securities and mortgage loans etc, besides Bonds and Savings in the bank, to extend the investment channels ; The government should support it in funds since peasants have made great contributions to the whole country and the development of industry by giving agricultural tariff and the price distinction between industrial products and agricultural products. Therefore, the government should also give some subsidies to it in time according to the economic development and inflation to get rid of the erosion of inflation and guarantee the payouts peasants got can meet their life needs. The Third, China belongs to typical dual society which has great differences in urban areas and rural areas. The urban workers and the peasants also have great distinction in the remuneration of old people. Therefore, in order to integrate the economic development in urban areas and rural areas, we must carry out the joint between them step by step to fulfil the integration of old age insurance between them. At the same time, to measure the sustainable development of rural endowment insurance in a country, relative quota systems and quota evaluation systems are in need.All in all, the focus of "Peasants, Agriculture and Rural areas problems"is peasants, and aging population is a life cycle everyone can't dodge, especially to China whose most population are living in rural areas. As a result, aging problem of rural population is more rigorous than that of urban population. We must pay much attention to the work of rural endowment insurance. We must guarantee not only the present peasants can life a comfortable life, but every peasant, every person in the future can be supported; we should not only establish and consummate rural endowment insurance rules according to the principle of sustainable development when it is not completely set up, but fulfil its sustainable development when it gets population.
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