A Comparative Study On In Situ Urbanization Between Coastal And Inland Areas In China

In situ urbanization is a kind of rural-city transformation without spatial shift of large-scale population in the former rural areas. This phenomenon is very obvious in developed coastal areas in our country. Along with the development of inland areas, more and more, it also receives the attention of scholars about some counties in inland areas. As an important way of our country two-track system urbanization path, in situ urbanization has become one of main focal points that the scholars study. The paper took comparison analysis and case analysis on in situ urbanization between coastal Jinjiang City and inland Gongyi City. For assimilating the experience of in situ urbanization's advanced areas and pushing the process of after-developing regions, this paper explored both of similarities and differences between the two cities about in situ urbanization, and summed up its regularity and experience and enlightenment. The study would offer its pygmy effort for the development of in situ urbanization of inland areas.In this paper, the study combined with the knowledge and technology of geography, and relied on some analysis ways such as mathematical, comparative, system and hierarchical, etc., and held scientific, accurate, standardized and stringent academic attitudes. The paper strived to accomplish purposes that were truth from facts, rigorous argumentation, tight logic and distinct structure. The paper's main line is to explore the practical experiences of in situ urbanization of Jinjiang City and Gongyi City. Its purpose is to push in situ urbanization of inland areas. In full text writing, the paper noticed comparative method and mathematical method, and involved large and accurate statistical datum and survey datum. So, its character is quantitative and qualitative combination, macro and micro combination, time and space combination. The result indicates that:①These conditions play important roles in the process of in situ urbanization in Jinjiang City and Gongyi City, including of such as flat and open lands, location advantages, high population density, with convenient transportation and communications conditions, and with the cultural atmosphere to develop the traditional industry and commerce, etc.. Many places own these conditions in the inland areas. These relatively superior geographic basis and social conditions of economic development play important foundation roles for the development of in situ urbanization in these inland areas.②In situ non-agricultural transformation, especially rural industrialization to promote the rapid non-agricultural conversion of population, further promotes in situ urbanization in Jinjiang City and Gongyi City. If the inland areas want to promote in situ urbanization, they must take rural industrialization as an important way and pay attention to non-agricultural economic development, and base on the double-helix-coupling-rise rule between non-agricultural transformation and in situ urbanization.③The natural, humanistic, location, government ruling concept, and other factors have brought the actual differences between Jinjiang city and Gongyi city such as industrial structure, level of opening, in situ urbanization of population, specific strategies and measures of in situ urbanization of the environment, etc., and these differences reflect the actual different effects on in situ urbanization of coastal and inland areas. It can provide the basis for inland areas that deeply to understand and pay attention to the difference of in situ urbanization between coastal and inland areas is beneficial for accurately grasping the inland characteristics, such as advantages, disadvantages and insufficiencies, and laying a foundation and learning from others's strong points to offset its weakness for pushing in situ urbanization of inland areas.④It is an important guarantee to keep the coordinated development of in situ urbanization among economy and population and environment for promoting in situ urbanization smoothly in the composite system of the dynamic development of in situ urbanization. This kind of coordinated development requires the development of in situ urbanization of the economy as a basis, and then a region can further realize in situ urbanization of population and environment. The development of in situ urbanization of economy has drived in situ urbanization of population and environment in Jinjiang city and Gongyi city. Although less than in situ urbanization of economy, by and large, in situ urbanization of environment has maintained synchronization with in situ urbanization of economy. But both of them appeare disjointed with in situ urbanization of population. In both of cities, common problems are development delay of in situ urbanization of population and relatively advanced development of in situ urbanization of environment. Gains and losses of in situ urbanization in practice in Jinjiang City and Gongyi City have proved that it is important to keep the coordinated development of in situ urbanization among economy and population and environment.⑤Each of dynamic mechanism factors of in situ urbanization such as from government, foreign capital, floating population, community culture to establish business, the living development forces under the constraint of arable resources, etc. plays a different drive function. Through the principal component analysis to Jinjiang City and Gongyi City, this paper found that:The first principal component of Jinjiang City reflected driving forces from local communities; the second one reflected government's impetus. But in Gongyi City the situation were reversed with that of Jinjiang City. Both of driving powers from governments and local communities represented dissimilar station and function in their dynamic mechanism of in situ urbanization. So, the inland areas can use the community driving factor and the living development forces under the constraint of arable resources in Jinjiang City for reference, and extract the valuable experience that the government of Gongyi City promotes local economic development, and all of these important enlightenment can provide references for the development of in situ urbanization in the inland areas.With this, the paper gets the conclusion that is:The relatively superior geographic condition and the creative force cultural environment are the base that inland areas promote their process of in situ urbanization. Inland areas must fully mobilize from government, private and external development power, and dig local rural potential of natural resources, through in situ development of non-agricultural industries in rural areas, especially the development of rural industry, and realize in situ transformation of rural areas in economy, population and environment senses, namely in situ urbanization.The paper compares the similarities and differences of in situ urbanization between coastal Jinjiang city and inland Gongyi city, reveals the laws of in situ urbanization in the two cities, and seeks to reveal their successful experiences of in situ urbanization. So, it has the great theoretical and practical significance for inland areas to promote their sustainable and coordination and health development of in situ urbanization.