Research On The Coordinated Development Of China's Urbanization And Eco-environment

Since China implemented a historic reform and opening up policies in 1978, China's economic and social development has transformed from a highly centralized planned economy into a vibrant socialist market economy, from a closed, semi-closed economy to full open economy. Changes in economic model not only solved the problem about incentives that can not be resolved under the traditional system, stimulate the agricultural production workers'enthusiasm and effectively enhanced the efficiency of agricultural production, but also brought a large-scale reconfiguration of production factors, especially the rural surplus labor and resources from agriculture transferred to rural enterprises and urban second and tertiary industries so that led to the rapid development of non-state economy.In this process, accompanying the changes is China rapid urbanization process. Large number of production and economic activity gathering in the city make city become the innovative region of new technologies and new concepts, and that has a profound impact on the regional economic, social, cultural and people's lives.However, with urbanization making people gradually feel increasingly rich material and cultural life the city's rapid economic prosperity has resulted in waste and depletion of resources and eco-environmental degradation because of the development mode of extensive type. The contrast between overall economic quantity and quality, the pace of urbanization and the environmental quality is great.During "Eleventh Five-Year" period, with China's industrialization and urbanization accelerating, the transformation and infrastructure of cities, upgrading of consumption structure generate a lot of demands for the heavy chemical industry products and high emission industries'development such as metallurgy, chemicals, building materials and energy consumption.This kind of industrial structure that is mainly characterized by the heavy and chemical industries has made air pollution, water pollution, solid waste pollution a serious threat to the ecological environment and sustainable development. Environmental situation we are facing is very serious. According to the theory of urbanization development phasing, China's urbanization will continue to rise in high-speed development period in the future. As center of regional economic and cultural, city will continue to play an important role in the course of national future economy development. City's importance can not be questioned, but the ecological environment has its own boundaries to bear and can not continue to provide effective supply without restraint. Therefore, this process requires urbanization give a great impetus to economic development, while also conside the capacity of the ecological environment. In such context, how to maintain the vitality of urban and achieve the harmony with the eco- environment become the subject of urbanization study.Coordinated development of China urbanization and eco-enviroment is an important part of economic and social sustainable development and is worth maintaining sustained attention and study. In the premise of reviewing theoretical and empirical research, combined with China's urbanization and ecological environment status, the paper explores the reason that affects coordinated development with a view to provide useful lessons for coordinating urbanization and ecological environment and the construction of "resource-saving and environment-friendly", and hopes to have more intellectual resources put into research to promote the development of this area.The paper analyses the concept of urbanization,ecological environment firstly, and research concepts and basic theory was defined and discussed, paving the way for the entire study a theoretical basis.Second, from the perspective of theory and experience,the paper describes the relationship between urbanization and ecological environment. The relationship is specifically expressed in that rapidly increasing level of urbanization directly has played a greater scale advantages on the centralized management of environmental pollution for city. This kind of positive feedback can make the urbanization pressure for the environment decrease to some extent. But the rapid development of urbanization inevitably brings increasingly serious ecological crisis, and this negative effect embodied in the atmosphere, water, and solid waste pollution. Of course, eco-environmental problems may also be constraints for urbanization process by reducing its ability to support resources, endangering the health of urban residents and their physical and psychological pursuit for beautiful natural landscape. Third, the paper does measurement analysis on the relationship between Chinese regional urbanization and eco-environment based on the provincial panel data to clear the regional eco-environment characteristics.The results clear that which phase the relationships between pollutants and urbanization of different regions are located in the curve in order to take coordinated measures basing on the clear turning point information.Fourth, the paper reviews the history since the reform and analyses status of relationship between urbanization and ecological environment and evaluates the policies that coordinate the relationship.It is found that the departure of established environmental policy objectives and the reality is typical in the process of China's urbanization development. What causes deviation of Coordinated development of urbanization and the eco-environmental development ?In addition to economic system and policy reasons in history, following the economic balance theory and considering that the balance between supply and demand is desirable for the development, if this article attributed factors to both demand and supply. These factors include: First, demand (the size and speed of urbanization, the industrial structure of the heavy industrialization, foreign trade and foreign investment negative effects for environment); the second is the supply (lack of effect of environmental property rights, non-collaborative environmental governance mode) .Assumpting that technological progress for the improvement of urban environmental quality is assured to maintain the same, it is non-equilibrium situation of limited supply relative to demand for unlimited that led to non-coordinated development of urbanization and environmental.Finally, basing on the above analysis, the paper proposes policy recommendations from the pattern of urbanization, the property rights system, industria structure,environmental protection mechanisms, trading system.