Study Of The Industrial Structure And Quality Management Of Agricultural Products

Along with fast economic development in China, the supply and demand condition of agriculture product has changed momentously. After the gross quantity of agriculture product achieved basic balance, and the problem of adequate food and clothing has been solved, the people's life has transformed from subsistence to a relatively comfortable life. The customers are not satisfied with the adequate quantity of food, but pursue safety even higher quality. Because the agriculture products are the main food or the materials of food for human being, the quality level agriculture product involves not only the health of people, but also the international competition strength of China, for that the study on agriculture product quality management becomes hotspot. The problem of agriculture product quality has brought about the attention of academe, and the study of academe has gotten plentiful harvest. Based on these studies, the government set up management system for agriculture product, which improves the quality level obviously, but does not solve the problem radically, even the most basic safety problem. The ultimate reason is that the quality management system does not match the household contract responsibility system, which is the core of Chinese agriculture management institution system, and the no-match exists at the natural characteristics of small scale mode determined by the household contract responsibility system can not meet the require of quality management system.This paper studies agriculture product quality problem based on SCP analytical model. The industry organization theory thinks: the industry structure decides the company's operational behavior, the behavior decides the market performance, and the quality level is one index of the market performance. For the sake of expected market performance, namely expected quality level on the constraints of supply quantity, environment protection, customer demand, we need adjust irrational industry structure by rectifying industry organization policies. In the paper I study the working mechanism of agriculture industry organization institution influencing on agriculture product quality, then design feasible industry organization institution to achieve expected agriculture product quality level.The thesis is composed of 4 parts including 7 chapters, the framework and main contents are as following: (1) part 1 is the guide, including chapter1. The main contents of the first part include the evaluation on status in quo of agriculture product quality management and the analysis on the influence of agriculture product quality on food safety and agriculture competition strength; the summary of international and domestic research on the field of agriculture product quality management; based on the above analysis, the author discusses the logic and feasibility of study framework.(2) part 2 is the study framework, including chapter2. Firstly, the author set up the function of agriculture product quality, based on the study on the natural traits of agriculture product quality and the influencing elements along the supply chain of agriculture product; secondly, the author designs study framework applying industry organization theory: the industry structure, which is determined by industry natural traits including: the operation scale, the vertical cooperative degree, the degree of product differentiation, the barriers of entrance and the barriers of exit, affects the operational behaviors of companies, then affect the quality market performance; On the contrary, to get the expected quality level, it is required some needed operation behaviors, and the needed behaviors only occur under some kinds of industry structure; As a conclusion, to achieve the quality objectives, the set of industry organization policies which can adjust industry structure should be put forward.(3)part 3 is the main part of the thesis, including chapter3, chapter4, chapter5, and chapter6. In the four chapters, the four elements which affect industry structure (the operation scale, the vertical cooperative degree, the degree of product differentiation, and the barriers of entrance and exit) are studied respectively. The main research contents are as following: the present condition analysis; the operational behavior of economic unit under the present institutions; the behavior's effect on agriculture product quality; and needed industry policies to guarantee agriculture product quality.(4)part 4 is the design of needed industry organization policies, including chapter7. In the part the author designs industry organization policies aimed to guarantee agriculture product quality, based on the study of the above three parts. The household contract responsibility system still has positive significance to agriculture, but the industry organization structure decided by the institution has negative affect on agriculture product quality and the main reason is that to guarantee product quality needs larger scale operation model that could not exist under the household contract responsibility system. How to design efficient agriculture organization policies under the household contract responsibility system is the main task of this part. In the end of the part the author summarizes the thesis and put forward topics need farther study.The main conclusions of the thesis are as following:(1) the natural traits of agriculture industry organization structure in China are: the scale of operation is small and separated, the vertical cooperative relationship along industry supply chain is relax, the degree of product differentiation is low, the entrance barriers are low and the exit barriers is high. The industry structure which is decided by the above traits can not guarantee agriculture product quality and the current agriculture industry structure is the result of household contract responsibility system which is the core institution of Chinese agriculture.(2)The optimization of agriculture industry structure should be under the core institution of Chinese agriculture because the household contract responsibility system has positive effect on Chinese agriculture development. There are two approaches to optimize agriculture industry structure, one is enlarging the operation scale of economic units, setting up agriculture enterprises as main agriculture product suppliers; the other one is enhancing cooperative relations among economic units along agriculture vertical supply chain, and the cooperation should be based on supply chain management among agriculture enterprise adopting varies cooperation models from market trades to vertical integration.(3) The optimization of agriculture industry structure should be supported by other related government policies. Otherwise, agriculture enterprises with reasonable operation scale can not be set up within the constraints of current institutions, even built by external forces the efficient operation within enterprise and the stable tight vertical cooperation among enterprises can not be carried out, which are the base of expected profit.