A Study On Economic Cooeration Between 3 Provinces Of Northeast China And Eastern Coastal Regions Of South Korea

Economic cooperation between the two countries of China and South Korea has become vitalized following the development of friendly relations in 1992. China has promoted various reformation activities to strengthen the country's competitiveness while globalizing its economy. Particularly, the country's plans for balanced development and economic growth through the「3 provinces of Northeast China Promotion Plan」is also a part of such policies.Located in the Northeastern region of China, the 3 provinces of Northeast China are in a superior position in terms of geography, resources and environment to conduct economic cooperation with the Western coastal and Eastern coastal areas of South Korea. Consequently, the potential positive influence on South Korea, including an improved investment environment, is expected if the competitiveness of the region can be improved by enacting the 3 provinces of Northeast China Promotion Strategy, Changchun, Jilin, Tumen river Plan, and Great Tumen Plan and if private economy sectors can also become vitalized.At the same time,3 provinces of Northeast China also serves as a transportation hub being adjacent to Russia and the Korean Peninsula. In order to utilize such geographic positioning, China has been making investments to basic infrastructures, such as railroads, roads and ports in order to enter the Korea east sea and Pacific Ocean through the Eastern side by leasing Raj in-port and Cheongj in-port in North Korea. For such, investments in rails, roads, ports and other basic infrastructures are being conducted. Consequently, such will be of great assistance in international economics as a base of economic relations within Northeast Asia.Particularly, this study will focus on the Jilin Province and Heilongjiang Province where economic cooperation between 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea most often take place. Through analysis of past achievements and currently ongoing projects, this study has significance in that it will describe the challenges and development measures for economic exchange between 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea. The rise in the Chinese economy will have much influence on the economies of the 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea and is expected to vitalize future economic cooperation.Past literature related to economic cooperation and logistics between the 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea have broadly been centered on economic cooperation between South Korea, China, and North Korea, the 3 provinces of Northeast China. This study has significant in that it differs from past studies by restricting the scope of the study to the 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern Coastal regions of South Korea.This study has reviewed various literatures, including domestic and overseas journals, thesis, and other references through a theoretical or literary research methodology. Economic materials related to China and South Korea were collected and analyzed for research.As there are only few literatures related to the subject of this study, analysis was done centered around a literary research approach. As supplementation and differentiation, measures for economic cooperation were proposed based on interview materials from related officials and parties to better overcome the limitations of this study.In all, this study has reviewed measures to develop the vitality for the Korean east sea entrance from 3 provinces of Northeast China, utilization of the changing trade conditions as opportunities, challenges of economic cooperation utilizing international transit networks connecting Jilin Province and the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea. Measures of regional economic cooperation between the 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern Coastal regions of South Korea by investigating active response strategies for the changing environment, shift to an industrial approach from policy logic, strategies for the development plans of the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea, energy cooperation measures between the 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern coast of South Korea, and measures for economic cooperation, such as cooperation with underground resources, logistics, and tourism.As the 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea are seeking new motors for growth and development they must first a strategy of designating strategic sectors considering for possibilities of cooperation between 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea is necessary. Second the environment, resource, transportation network, logistics, market and import/export structures of the 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern coastal regions must be analyzed to strategically designate possible areas of cooperation. In addition, in order to increase the possibilities of economic cooperation after analyzing the policy directions between the local governments of 3 provinces of Northeast China and Eastern coastal region of South Kotra, mutually supplementary and cooperative perspectives were considered in accordance to resources and energy exchange, industrial supply chain, forms of exchange and national development strategies.Second, cooperation within the energy resource and underground resource sectors between 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea must be conducted at a national level more so than in a form of regional cooperation. In order for real exchange and cooperation to occur between the two regions, cooperation for energy and underground resources possesses an inseparable relationship. Nonetheless, cooperation within the energy and underground resource sector must be conducted at the national level as it entails considerations for development costs, early investments for development, development of logistics networks, development of transportation and industrial infrastructures.Third, real exchange must come in the form of cooperation within the logistics sector. By promoting regional industrialization within 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea or development through resource production, cargo volumes are expected to rise while the movement of logistics will also rise when including resources and the energy sector. For energy and resource cooperation, while investment in the development stage is important, there is also a close relationship with logistics from a utility perspective. In terms of logistics and transportation cooperation, development of Rajin Port is essential with participation from North Korea and is a place with much flexibility and potential to grow into the most important logistics port between 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern Coastal regions of South Korea. From a strategic perspective regarding Rajin Port, there is a need to connect with Donghae Port, Pohang Youngil Port, and Ulsan Port while estimates of logistics increases or cargo volume within Northeast Asia are necessary.Fourth are measures to vitalize energy resource exchange. Within the 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea, there exist both resource rich and poor countries. Countries poor in resources must import resources and cooperate to supplement each regional resource. Development measures for cooperation include the development of joint cooperation systems of both countries, active interest and investment in the energy resource development, development of energy development funds, development of technologies for new regenerative energies and energy efficiency.Fifth are measures to vitalize the tourism cooperation sector. While regional tourism industries of the two regions are weak, we must develop an understanding that the development of real cooperative relationships will not be possible without a development of the tourism industry. Consequently, there is a need to promote various forms of exchange by expanding the scope of the tourism industry.As for measures to vitalize the tourism industries between the 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern Coastal regions of South Korea, common interest of each region for tourism areas where cooperation can be formed within the framework of GTI, development of differentiated tourism infrastructures unique to the Donghae Port of South Korea, development of storytelling and tourism products, strengthened PR for shipping companies, increased cooperation in tourism between the two regions, guidance on tourism products and services common to both regions, operation of common headquarters, and measures to develop tourism publicity and PR activities.Economic cooperation between the 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern Coastal regions requires continued interest with an understanding for new forms of environmental change and in connection with the Tumen river Area Development Program (TRADP). While the process of rise and declines have ceased following maturation of regional industries, strengthening exchange and cooperation between the two regions will serve to strengthen industry competitiveness and deepen levels of maturity. In order to promote the vitalization of regional industries, there is a need to emphasize its importance.Consequently, the economic cooperation between 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern Coastal regions must be recognized as environmental change with incredible ripple effects from an industry standpoint and requires continued interest and win-win approach strategies.Economic cooperation between the 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern Coastal regions of South Korea ultimately signifies a market expansion, yet there exists concerns for deepened competition caused through mutual exchange and cooperation. Additionally, difficulties due to freight volume shortages are expected in the distribution sectors within initial stages. Consequently, various support measures are required to provide support efficiently to related industries with the attitude of attracting more volumes in the future.Harbors are important forms of infrastructure in the development of international networks. The basis in the development of the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea had actually been international trade ports more so than regional industries. While regional trade ports of the Eastern Coastal regions of South Korea have developed into important Korean ports, they have received relatively smaller interest from industry standpoints compared to Busan Port, Gwangyang Port, or Incheon Port.The basis for the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea to possess a free economic zone, free trade zone, and national industrial complex focusing on key industries as automotive, shipbuilding, chemical, foods, agriculture and fisheries, and new materials can largely be contributed to the silent roles played by regional international trade ports.While there are high possibilities of manpower vitalization following vitalization of an industry, there exists various economic, social, and cultural disparities between the 3 provinces of Northeast China and the Eastern coastal regions of South Korea, factors that serve as potential debilitating elements. As such, much interest is necessary for manpower and personnel exchange to effectively minimize such factors and provide efficient support.Consequently, if the two regions can further develop a win-win strategy through measures of economic cooperation, then we can expect significant economic growth and development in both regions.