| In recent years, network bandwidth is exponentially expanding to meet the demandin the explosive growth trend of Internet data traffic and the emerging new traffic.All-Optical Networks can efficiently increase network bandwidth and meet people'sneed in network bandwidth. In order to address the issue in IP traffic, newall-optical-networks key technology is expected to be obtained. In theall-optical-networks, the most importance equipments are OADM and OXC. They canaccomplish the optical signal add and drop multiplexing, and all of the incoming signalscan pass through the nodes. The OADM and OXC can also solve the"electronicbottleneck"problems in the network switching. Optical switches have capability ofcross connection in the optical domain without using optical-electrical andelectrical-optical conversion. It also has agility leading the traffic, lightens the networknode traffic. Both OADM and OXC have transparence to the network traffic; it canpredigest and speed up the traffic grooming. The multi-granularity opticalCross-Connect can reduce the number of the ports, the networks built cost and itsmaintenance cost. It can realize the optical layer reconfiguration, especially in wave,waveband, and fiber level reconfiguration, and quickly comply with network trafficprotection and restoration. This paper investigates the OADM and OXC based on FBGand OC, multi-wave OADM physics characteristic (such as, structure design, insert-loss,crosstalk and so on) and OXC structure design, insert-loss, bidirectional OXCcharacteristic, multi-granularity OXC structure design, etc. In addition, the opticalnetworks protection and restoration are also investigated.In chapter 1, the latest development in optical networks evolution and the OADMand OXC have been introduced. In China, the optical network has been regarded as animportant research issue in"10th Five Year Program"and"11th Five Year Program".Many network enterprises are paying more attentions to the OADM and OXCequipments and a number of investments are going to be put into the development ofthose new facilities.In chapter 2, OADM is investigated based on FBG, OC, especially in the primary characteristics of OADM and its performance. Fixation wave OADM andreconfigurable OADM structure are proposed, and some simulation experiments havebeen done. The cross-talk of OADM was also investigated.In chapter 3, OXC is investigated based on FBG and OC. The main characteristicsand performance of OXC are also under investigation. A new static fixation OXC, newdynamic reconfigurable OXC structure, and new directional OXC are proposed. Theoptical switch scale of the OXC can be expandable from 2×2 to 32×32 in units of 2×2 according to the traffic demand. The insert loss, cross-talk, power proportion andmanagement of new structure are studied. Contrast with other OXCs, the new structurehas small inserts loss and reconfigurable characteristics, and some experiments havebeen done with it and experimental results are given.In chapter 4, the MG-OXC is investigated. We study three layer MG-OXC switchstructure and two layer MG-OXC switch structure and single layer MG-OXC switchstructure. The MG-OXC inside matrix scale and switch ability and assemble ability, isinvestigated. We proposed novel wavelength/waveband/fiber assign arithmetic, andsome experiments have been done.In chapter 5, all-optical-networks survivability based OADM and OXC areinvestigated. The networks survivability is an important issue. It has two technologies,namely, protection and restoration. Protection usually performs in distributing, and therestoration makes use of capacity of node, including work fiber and spare fiber and lowlevel of priority capacity. It can search another route and save networks resource. Inthis section, a new networks protection and restoration scheme is proposed, and itsscheme performance has been investigated.In chapter 6, the summary is made and some future research issues are given.
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