Community Dimension - The Problem Of Construction Of The Modern State Of Ethnic Studies

Ethnicity is different community with nation in character; they have different tache and development track, playing different role in the development process of human society. Ethnicity is a cultural community formed by geographic distribution or special social movement, marking by the tache of identification. As the main carrier of human culture, it played the basic role of spiritual adscription and self-identification through certain ceremony, signature, fitsta and legend. Ethnicity is formed before human beings entered civilization era. As one of the symbols of human beings entering civilization era, nation became the logic design according to their classic interest by representatives of certain class so as to avoid too much vehemence of social conflict leading the clash of mankind after fortune appeared and class formed. Nation mainly distribute social resources and interests, restrict people's behavior thereafter to form certain social order through a series of value, system and organization.The modernization process originated from west Europe, changed the form and economy development and social life of human beings, hence promoted the growth of modernity, which is defined as the summation of series of human concepts, value, spiritual modes and life styles hastened by the process of modernization but different from beforehand. The growth of modernity changed the value base, system content and the mode of organization design and operation of state, and gave traditional state stress of transferring into modern ones. The growth of modernity changed different kinds of communities of human society formed beforehand, disorganized or weakened some strong communities in traditional society, thus lead the crisis of spiritual world of human beings. All of these resulted in the phenomenon of increasingly widened influence of ethnicity, the community which did not give key role in traditional society.The core content of modern countries construction is a series of constructions of political system, value and organization based on modernity, including individualism, logos spirit, democracy sense, nomocracy conception, representative system authorities, utilitarianistic state and government role location, bureaucratic administrative organization system。In the process of modern countries construction, all over the world commonly adopted the form of nationalistic movement to mobilize social strength, launch revolutionary movement aiming at traditional state. After the establishment of state, they also continue nationalistic movement to agglomerate social strength, keep state stabilization, promote the progress of state modernization and strengthen the validity of regime. The core of nationalism, to be frankly, is to bind people in certain area into a community, bind them with value, system and effect of modern countries, hence to help modern countries itself wide social identification through the tarche of modern value, concept and culture based on modernity. This new community, internally behaved as citizen community, which is the community formed by citizens with all rights and obligations restricted by modern countries; Externally, as a whole, is the regression of sovereignty of modern countries and national community different from any confluence of outer society. Out of the dependent of nationalistic movement, modern countries hence become national state。In the process of modern countries construction, the construction of national movement to nation is obedience to and serve state system, value and organization construction——it is both the outcome and momentum of state system, value and organization construction.However, in the process of modern countries construction not every country's regime, value, organizational structure and ethical form could be a truly mutual counterparty of each other due to the difference among local communities and the knowledge to the nation's construction process. Ethnicity, presenting complicated situation in many countries, usually becomes an instrument utilized by a few social interest group because of the high similarity between ethnicity and nation. Through pushing nationalization of ethnicity, these interest groups restrict country's regime, value and organizational structure so as to achieve own group's aims, resulting in the national problems comprehensively existing in the current world.In dealing with national problems, the countries insisting to build and integrate ethnicities based on the modern country's regime, value and organizational structure, effectively prevent countries from nationalization by ethnicity especially minority ethnicities, while constructing simplex nation as well as keeping nation's unity, stability and prosperity. But when country's regime, value and organizational structure yield to the nationalization of ethnicity, the strong power possessed by the country will on the contrary drive evolution of ethnicity further to the nation. The usual ending of this kind of countries is social abruption and national disintegration after expressing national diversity since the goal of a nation is building a country.The core of difference presented by different countries in the issue of dealing nationalization of ethnicity is in the process of solving ethnicity's problems whether they persist in the country construction stand, whether they build nation on the basis of country's regime, value and organizational structure, whether they judge and correspond clearly to the characters and interests of ethnicity, whether they effectively prevent and and eliminate factors probably arising nationalization of ethnicity.China is a country with large amount of ethnicities, having formed a political and cultural super-unity similar with modern national unity before the modern country establishment. Such unity became the Chinese nation unintentionally after china began to construct modern country. However, in this procedure due to the influence of internal and external factors the relationship of ethnicities in boundary arose crisis and some individual branches of the Chinese nation appeared inclination of nationalization resulting in the severe threat to social solidarity and national unification. The establishment of New China developed the modern country construction on the right lines, eliminating the direct affect of external factors to building the Chinese nation and stopping deterioration in the relationship of ethnicities, but on the other hand taking over too much from the Soviet pattern in the issue of ethnicities also lead to some problems. In the continuous process of modern country construction, China in the future need to take various actions to strengthen the national structure and relieve conflicts of ethnicities, truly achieving the harmonious situation with multiple ethnicities and single nation existing together.