| Purpose:With Chinese education making a historic breakthrough after 1949, many people have been received a better education. They are possessed of educational advantages in social stratification, and achieve upward Social mobility. After reform and opening, a large number of rural populations have access to urban life with the rapid development of urbanization. With the introduction of "Interim Measures for athletes to employ", the career transition for athletes has been into the market selection mechanism. In this process, athletes have been to face all kinds of challenges, due to cultural foundation being weak and without another expertise in addition to sport. Although the education for athletes has been concerned in recent years and research has also yielded fruitful results, many of the problems has been no substantive breakthrough. Education being a fundamental driving force of social stratification during the process of urbanization, social development puts a higher demand of education for athletes. Therefore, this paper will jump out of the traditional way, analyze the social stratification for athletes, probe the educational factors in field of social stratification and find the path to decipher the educational difficulties for Athletes. Thus the paper should have being some theoretical and practical value.Methods:This paper uses with literature review, survey method, case study, scenarios analysis, comparative analysis, logical analysis and mathematical statistics.577 objects were be surveyed in questionnaire surveys, including 420 active athletes,45 retired athletes,67 coaches and 45 managers; 75 objects were be deeply interviewed in interview method; three scenarios were be described.Results:(1) Social stratification of athletes was divided into professional social stratification and basic social stratification. The professional social stratification mainly reflects the technical level, training level, training area, sports programme and training status; the basic social stratification reflects the education level, income level and occupational prestige.(2) 72.6% of athletes is in high schools (including technical secondary school) and tertiary education, showing the educational features of "a surging of inside & outside of Besieged City" and "another kind of asylum".44.5% and 20.2% show that athletes be at the level of subsistence and well-off in income level, showing the income features of " the poor man's child as early as masters" and " two extremes in life".(3) 80.2% shows that athletes are above average. The result identifies with the public and the international prestige (secondary dates) being "above average". Meanwhile,70.2% shows that occupational prestige of active athletes is above average,36.6% shows that occupational prestige of retired athletes is above average with the significant difference between the two (P＜0.01).(4) 81.1% and 68.2% respectively show athletic performance and educational capital play a decisive role in social stratification of athletes. Other indexes include the capacity of entrepreneurship (39.9%), economic income (35.8%), resettlement policies (34.9%) and family background (32.1%).(5) 74.2%,66.4% and 52.5% considered of "worse educational foundation", "lower athletic performance" and "lower academic diploma" are the dominant factors in social stratification of athletes. In addition to those factors, on the active athletes, income (36.5%) is another factor, on retired athletes and managers, inadequate social security policy (both 48.3%) is another factor; while coaches, the social concern is not high (58.7%) is another factor.(6) Educational status for athletes is discussed from basic education, higher education and vocational education. In basic education, most athletes in different schools receive relevant education; in high education, the athlete can choose any college and profession what he likes, or a single-admission of sports training and national traditional sports; in occupational education, athletes mainly choose sports in the field of vocational education or vocational training.(7) The issues of "lower educational level" show that 53.7% don't agree this fact,55.2% don't receive this fact. The public of 22% and 8.4% respectively shows that the educational quality of athletes being "dissatisfied" and "very dissatisfied" (secondary dates). At the same time, the difference is significant between certification level and acctual educatioal level (P<0.01). 79.8% shows that "lower educational level" is no guarantees,87.6% show that education is a fundamental right for athletes.(8) 84.2% shows that education has negative impact for sosial status of athletes.66.8% shows that education and training are "equally important". 95.4% shows that higher education plays important role to improve athletic performance.96.3% shows that education plays important role to solve the retired outlet of athletes, and 73.6% shows that lower education basis is the principal factor of the retired outlet of athletes. At the same time, education has significant difference between athletic performance and retired outlet of athletes (P<0.01).(9) These principal factors influencing education for athletes are found that 60.8% of "shorter learning time",59.2% of "heavier training mission", and 38.3% of "worse learning atmosphere".67.3% reveals the people who are responsible should be athletes themselves, and 44.3% be the governors.(10) The educational characters of athletes are the independence of educational system, the imitations of professional-level; the formalizations of teaching process and the subordination of educational orientation. The educational scenarios of athletes are analyzed from "trembling when writing", "snoring in classroom" to "disturbance within examination".(11) 86.84% reveals that the recent all-around education has "no effect" or "negative effect"(secondary dates). Education should make a new choice owing to demographic factors, growing price of young people, employed difficulties of college students and heavily educational burden of family.Conclusions: (1) The professtional social stratification of athletes is de be determined by the essential characteristics of sports, and it is the value of the pursuit of sports ultimate goals. Educational level of athletes shows that the provided certificate is lower. Income level shows that the income of athletes is mid-level and two-tier tendency. The occupational prestige shows that this occupation is being attractive in recent years.The occupational prestige from active to retired athletes is downward, and it deviates from down-top social mobility for the members of society.(2) The standards for social stratification of athletes are the athletic performance and educational capital. Another indexes reflect that the traditional concept of "waiting, dependent, asking" is being changed during the reform of sports. The capacity of entrepreneurship is another factor for social status of athletes.(3) The dominant factors in social stratification of athletes are "worse educational foundation", "lower athletic performance" and "lower academic diploma". For different objects, active athletes, retired athletes and managers, have strong psychological dependence, but for coaches, the social concern should be built to upgrade social status of athletes.(4) For educational status for athletes, the basic education, higher education and vocational education has been made some progresses. But in basic education, the educational basis of athletes is not solid, in high education, only a few athletes have access to further education opportunities, and more limited to sports; and in occupational education, the provided certification and vocational training also are limited to sports. Therefore, the basic education should to be strengthened and the professional channels should be to be expanded.(5) The issue of educational level of athletes being high or low has a bigger disagreement between the insiders and the public. They show to the educational difficulties of athletes should decipher trough the institutional reform, strengthen education of athletes is incumbent upon government to do so. (6) Form the impacts, education plays on a significant role on social stratification of athletes. Education and training is all important ingredient, education also plays a vital role in career transition. Therefore, education should be strengthened for athletes.(7) The many impacts for education of athletes mainly reflected in educational atmosphere and contradictions of learning and training. This question can not be resolved within the sport system, only to find another way outside the system. Meanwhile, educational factors due to athletes themselves beyond their own capacity, the government should build a comprehensive education system to improve the educational quality of athletes.(8) The educational characters and the educational scenarios analysis reflect that education of athletes have not been effectively resolved.(9) Three-step strategic layout for reconstruction of the education for athletes should be proposed. Firstly, the short-term goal is strengthening compulsory education to solve the basic survival needs for athletes; secondly, the medium-term goal isbroadening professional areas to seek the outside system convertion for athletes; thirdly, the long-term goal is integrating into general educational sequence to form sports and education a new pattern.(10) There are many dilemmas in recent all-around education. Following measures should be recommended to achieve good quality of all-around education. They are shortening the learning time, reduce academic burden; downsizing the number of class, concern to each student; enhancing the physical education, strengthen students'body; carrying on the technical education, training innovation capacity; and perfecting the security system, lead direction of education.
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