The Research Of Monitoring And Evaluating On Physical Function And Athletic Capacity In Modern Pentathlon Athletes

Objective: The combination of five individual items in Modern Pentathlon has high requirements of the physical fitness, psychology and skill tactics training, the relationship among individual items are not only influencing but also contradictory. In the fitness training process, how to take five items as a whole, the load of every single item, the arrangement of whole load, and even how to minimize the restrictive factors of single item to others are unsolved questions yet. Which require coaches consider not only the improvement of exercise performance of every single item but also the influence of every single item to others, thus could develop five items of modern pentathlon overall. This study aim directly at weight relationship of five items in competition, use various indexes to evaluate the effects of different training cycle and training methods to the athletes of modern pentathlon, hope to find the weak links, assist coaches take regulation in training process, thus improve the scientific training, ensure the improvement of fitness activity and training level consistently.Methods: Use blood biochemical indexes,aerobic and anaerobic testings,simple reaction time & select reaction time and flashlight blending frequency to evaluate the effect of training methods of four weeks Living high- Training low hypoxia training and four weeks sub- plateau training, different training cycles of Shanghai modern pentathlon athletes, some of them are the most excellent athletes in China. After adopting the "combined event" as the new competition format for Modern Pentathlon, test blood lactate , heart rate and shooting average, analyse their relevance.Results:1) In initial time of preparation period, the great training load caused the female athletes'hemoglobin to drop; hemoglobin raised due to training load reduced or organism adaptation at the end of preparation period; In the third and forth week, male and female athletes'leucocyte raised in different degree. In the forth week of preparation period, CK increased highly significant, Testerone and Cortisol decreased in different level, but with normal limits. Testerone increased significantly in the forth week, BUN, CK, Testerone and Cortisol decreased in different level. Testerone decreased significantly and BUN, CK increased in certain level.2) Evaluating the aerobic and anaerobic of modern pentathlon athletes: compared to Ex-national female athletes and army female athletes, VO2max, VEmax of our female athletes have no obvious difference, but VO2max/kg is better than Ex-national female athletes and less than army female athletes. The aerobic capacity of male athletes belong to the level of Chinese excellent male athletes, the peak power of anaerobic capacity is higher than Chinese excellent male athletes.3) Simple reaction time & select reaction time and flashlight blending frequency test results prompts HiLo have no influence in skill items of modern pentathlon, but there are existing individual differences. 4) Four-week plateau training not only improved modern pentathlon athletes'blood oxygen capacity, but also promoted the oxygen in blood peripherad release to tissue, could effectively enhance the ability of transport the oxygen in blood, thus improve the aerobic capacity, which have no obviously affect on anaerobic capacity. Plateau training had no fatigue and negative influence on athletes'central nervous system.5) Heart rate monitoring'in"combined event"showed that the HR,shooting average and shooting time between male and female modern pentathlon athletes are different, therefore cannot use the same evaluation criteria. Training above lactic acid is in favor of improving athletes'capacity of eliminate lactic acid.Conclusion:1)The subtile blood biochemical indexes to mornitor physical function of modern pentathlon athletes are Hb, Hct, Mcv, WBC, BUN, CK, Testerone and Cortisol.2)The indexes to mornitor aerobic capacity , besides VO2max, VO2max/kg and VEmax, Bla max is also an important index.3)HiLo promoted the level of red blood cell and hemoglobin, improved cardiopulmonary function and VO2max of modern pentathlon athletes. Therefore, HiLo cann't guarantee enhance sports performance of modern pentathlon athletes, but possiblely enhance the level of aerobic endurance. There is no difference in results of simple reaction time & select reaction time and flashlight blending frequency pre and after HiLo, However, the impact of the skill items need to make assessment through a series of specific indexes.4)Four weeks plateau training enhanced aerobic capacity of modern pentathlon athletes, had no obvious effect on anaerobic endurance ability, so the plateau is a suitable training method to improve aerobic endurance.5) Analyse heart rate and blood lactate in"combined event"can master athletes'ideal shooting state thus to provide scientific and theoretical basis.