The Theory Of Moral Education Ecology

In the new century, the problems of moral education theory and practice in China have been referred to a new level. Researchers have no longer stayed in the footnotes to the classic and transmission and interpretation of Western theory, but based on the education and social reality of the new century, tried to carry out the exploration and construction on systematic moral education theories of the local community. Workers have no longer practiced at the stage of "Instilling students by reasons, moving students by feelings, instructing students by actions and perseverance" 16-character principle, but on the new theoretical results, such as subjectivity of moral theory, have begun to consider the moral status and their interactions of teachers and students. In this context, we need to find a new path to carry out systematic research on moral theory, and make great efforts to construct the basic practical model of moral education with guiding significance.In this study, the core issue to be solved is to prove the nature of moral education ecology, and the elements, structure, processes and functions of moral education ecosystem, to establish theoretical system of Moral education ecological theory. On this basis, a preliminary practice model of moral education ecology should be made.The basic idea of this study is based on China's current social background taking market, international, knowledgeable and diversification as the main features, as well as the current requirements of building a harmonious society. The theoretical basis is ecological theory and research topic is moral education ecology. From two levels of constructing the moral education ecological theory and practice model of moral education ecology, combined with theoretical and empirical studies, a certain preliminary innovative moral education theory and practice system is established.Moral education ecology refers to the structure formed from the moral education and their environment, as well as the functional relationships shown out from it. The basic elements of moral education ecosystem are the constructions of social moral with teacher-centre, the constructions of individual moral with student-centre, school environment and social environment. The constructions of social moral and individual moral coexist; and the interdependence among moral education factors, school environment factors and social environment factors form the whole dynamic structure of moral education ecosystem. Viewing of system hierarchy, moral education ecosystem includes three aspects: orders (tradition, standard and institution), relationships (teacher- student, student- student and parent-child), consciousness(value outlook and social ethos). The process of moral education ecosystem includes three aspects reflected as moral education material cycle, energy flow and information exchange. Moral education ecosystem should realize its adaptive function essentially by the cultural adaptation (acculturation) through the process. The adaptation of moral education ecosystem can be shown first as the one of moral education system to school organizational culture. But its ultimate goal is the adaptation to social culture. The adaptation of moral education ecosystem to social organization can be embodied by assimilation and conformance, as well as the entirety dynamic balance (dynamic equilibrium) through the process of assimilation-conformance.The problems of moral education ecology in China, is embodied by the contradictions facing current school moral education. The contradiction between "moral in the first place" and "moral education in no position" reflects the disharmony of the relationship of moral education factors and school environment factors in moral education ecosystem. The contradiction between politicization of moral education and life-orientation of moral education reflects the loss of relevance of two basic aspects that is the social moral construction and individual moral construction of moral factors in moral education ecosystem. The contradiction between "universal moral education" and "incompetent moral education" reflects the deviation between the ideal status and the real status of moral education ecosystem's function. The contradiction between unified-thought and multi-value reflects the loss of relevance of two basic aspects that is the social moral construction and individual moral construction of moral factors in moral education ecosystem, just like the contradiction between politicization of moral education and life-orientation of moral education. The contradiction between "major moral education" and "minor moral education" still reflects the same as the former. The contradiction between the subject of traditional moral education and the citizen of modern moral education reflects the disharmony of moral education factors and social environment factors. The contradiction between standardization and subjectivity of moral education mode still reflects the loss of relevance of two basic aspects that is the social moral construction and individual moral construction of moral factors in moral education ecosystem. The contradiction between high requirement and low input of moral education reflects the disharmony of moral education factors and school environment factors (others) in moral education ecosystem. The contradiction between school "main channel" and out-school impact reflects the loss of relevance of moral education ecosystem, school ecosystem and social ecosystem.The basic problem of school moral education ecology is how to fully use the function of cultural adaptation (acculturation) of moral education ecosystem, and to realize an entirety dynamic balance (dynamic equilibrium) and sustainable harmonious development ecosystem, through the construction of equality and mutual activity moral. In order to assess the status of three aspects (order, relationship and consciousness) and the status of the function of adaptation of moral education ecology, we used "the school moral education ecology questionnaires" for school teachers and students separately. The investigation results showed that ten contradictions on three aspects (order, relationship and consciousness) do exist in school moral education. The difference within every population of junior middle school students, senior middle school students and teachers is not remarkable. But the difference among every population is statistically significant.The problems exiting in school moral education may be caused by the following factors: misunderstandings of elements and basic structure of moral education ecosystem caused by traditional pedagogy view; defects of rules and the institutions in moral education caused by the maladjustment to the change and transformation of social order; the dislocation or vacancy of holding the teacher-student and student-student relationships caused by cognitive deviation of teacher-student's position and function; the contradictions on conscious level of moral education ecosystem caused by the lack of understanding value pluralism; affecting the function of cultural adaptation (acculturation) of moral education ecosystem caused by the lack of understanding the function of moral education.In view of the problems existed in school moral education ecology and its possible reasons, the following measures and strategies should be taken or made in the process of constructing harmonious moral education ecosystem: the constructions of social moral and individual moral coexist; the constructions of moral education order and institution; the reform and rebuild of interpersonal relationship in moral education ecosystem; the forming of diversified values and the choose of school moral education contents; the function of cultural adaptation (acculturation) of moral education ecosystem. The use of moral education ecological theory and practice model should pay attention to the following points: correctly understanding and reflecting "human-oriented" in practice; paying great attention to the constructions of moral education institution, habituation-oriented education and "fairness and justice".