The Peasant Workers' Internal Differences: Social Mobility And Social Networks

China is being in the social transition period, whose urbanization lag and regional and urban-rural development imbalance have become the bottleneck of hampering social and economic development. The dual society structure under the household registration system and the institutional arrangements with them bring a lot of population who is flowing rapidly and frequently, especially peasant workers. Rapid and frequent social mobility destroys inherent social contact in the country, obstructs the establishment of social contact in the urban society (such as Shenzhen), makes existing social contacts fracture in the urban society continuously, so make the construction of social networks and social trust become harder, and make cooperation face more uncertainty and take more risks.Based on these, the peasant workers'social mobility, social networks, social integration and mutual relationship between them is studied. This study put the peasant workers' internal differences as the breakthrough point, which pays close attention to two aspects of age and unit ownership. The site is Longgang district. Shenzhen city. The data comes from investigation and interviews on 17 cases from 2010 July to September.The results show:(1) Whether the first generation, or the second generation of peasant workers, their regional flow way and occupation flow way are mainly social network; The second generation of peasant workers'liquidity is significantly higher than the first generation. (2) Compared with private ownership unit, the peasant workers have more optimal wage income and welfare treatment in the public ownership unit. There is no apparent contact between personal basic characteristics of peasant workers and unit ownership. They are both mainly dependent on social networks, but the mechanism of network is different. (3) Compared with the peasant workers'social network in the private ownership unit, the peasant workers'network top is higher in the public ownership unit, their network structure is more uniform and reasonable, their network convergence tends to be lower, and their network heterophily tends to be higher. (4) Compared with the peasant workers in the private ownership unit, the peasant workers have better social integration in the public ownership, but peasant workers are universally lack of belonging in the life in the city-"home" is their common choice.The analysis points:(1) The intergenerational difference of liquidity is in that their life experience, professional motivation and expectation is different. (2) The peasant workers professional differences between different ownership units come from imbalances of resource distribution and differences of resource distribution mode and system practice normative. Social network differences and social integration differences come from ascribed network and unit ownership. (3)The peasant workers are universally lack of belonging, which originates from excessive social mobility under the existing institutional arrangement, which not only hinders the formation of social capital, but also destroy the existing social capital; which not only involves the flowing population, but also involves the household register population. The fundamental solution is to improve the base of the household register population or stable population, strengthen and implement social protection on the flowing population, safeguard social capital to be in a high and stable state, and thus, can more effectively solve widespread collective action dilemma in Chinese social transformation period.All in all, this research extends the theoretical knowledge on peasant workers, social network analysis, dual social structure, dual economic structure and dual labour market, puts forward the concept of network migration, and updates push-pull theory. As to futural research, the distribution of individual social capital or collective social capital and its influence on social integration and belonging should be the inspected key, particularly the comparison between the cities of different flow condition, between household register population and flowing population, and between native household register population and immigratory household register population.