A Study On Integration Mechanism Of Higher Education Resource Of Underdeveloped Province And Region

With the development of higher education in China there appear a background of economic and social transformation, revolution of modern science and technology, regional development transition, and the era of higher education reform, and the higher education in underdeveloped provinces and regions sees a phenomenon of unprecedented resource scarcity and faces dual pressures in expanding the scale and improving the quality. The starting point of economics research is into resource scarcity. The purpose of research in higher education resource allocation mechanisms in underdeveloped provinces and regions is to integrate the power of allocation, form the optimal and balanced mechanisms to reach the goal of optimized allocation so as to ensure the effective use of scarce resources.There has not been a widely accepted definition of "the less-developed provinces and regions" yet. This dissertation defines the concepts of derivative types of " higher education in the underdeveloped provinces and regions ", "higher education resources" and "resource integration mechanism" by borrowing ideas of scholars from home and abroad in their research in underdeveloped regions from national angles, and their concrete research results about the general characteristics of being underdeveloped. In our country, underdeveloped provinces and regions are classified regionally into basic units of provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. Those located in western areas are mostly underdeveloped provinces and regions. This dissertation makes a comparative study in the resource integration of higher education with a developed country, the United States and a developed region, Jiangsu Province as examples; analyzes empirically the resource allocation of higher education in "underdeveloped, underdeveloped" Guizhou; finds that government, market, university are indispensable and important elements in the higher education resource integration mechanisms. It makes quantitative analysis by taking the statistical data from 2006-2008 of domestic universities'development situation as a sample. A further analysis of imbalanced conditions and the existing problems in the regional allocation of China's higher education resources is done, and a clear path for studying the resource allocation integration mechanisms of higher education in underdeveloped provinces and regions is found, by taking respectively provincial areas and eastern and western regions as samples, and by selecting the indexes of college numbers, student scales, the disciplines and specialties, funds and infrastructure etc.This dissertation also fully analyzes and explores the primary driving forces of the three mechanisms of government, market and university (academic):Higher education is a "quasi-public product", and also a typically regulated industry. Government is a realization mechanism of guiding the overall strategic goals and themes of higher education. Market allocation mainly displays in the reform and development of the management systems of higher education, the investment subject and market factors and the price forming mechanism. Building a national policy-directed and a unified, open, orderly competitive market system is a realization mechanism of the basic allocation function of market. The autonomy of college and university running is organized and formed automatically by the inherent law of development of higher education and it is a self-protect mechanism safeguarding against market and government's excessive influence on academics. Compared with the systems of overseas modern colleges and universities, the system of colleges and universities in China has three kinds of powers of politics, administration and academic together at the organization level, which constitutes the modern university system with Chinese characteristics. Through analysis and study, it is concluded that the modern university system framework with Chinese characteristics has five dimensionally related issues of politics, marketability, academy, structure and hardship. The university system framework based on the ideas of the five dimensions can generally embody the characteristics of modern university system in underdeveloped provinces and regions.On the basis of analysis of the relationship of colliding, wrestling and integrating of the three mechanisms of government, market and university (academic), the dissertation puts forward the idea of giving a full play to the function of "integration mechanisms" of the government's macro dominant allocation of resources, the basic market allocation and the university (academic) micro allocation. Thus an "integration of three aspects and interweaving mechanisms" analysis model is created. The power of the three mechanisms coexists in the market economic system and the regulation framework, and has their independent interest subjects. The power and the forms of the integration of the three mechanisms are different when the three mechanisms are in the different system environment or stages. Only when the three mechanisms are based on and interact with one another, can the mechanisms be the optimal mechanism choices. Suppose there were only one government mechanism or one market mechanism functioning in colleges and universities, the government mechanism and the market mechanism had not integrated, colleges and universities would not have the status of autonomous running as an entity. The roles the market plays in colleges and universities would be in a blind state. There would form a "vacuum zone" of power between government and market in resource allocation of colleges and universities. The chain of the resource allocation mechanism of higher education would break. The mechanisms in disorder would cause messes in the developing process of higher education.Based on the requirements of the present higher education era and the main problems in the underdeveloped provinces and regions, the dissertation holds that the basic contradiction in the development of higher education in western underdeveloped provinces and regions is the problems of a small scale, low quality and insufficient service. The development in higher education requires "seizing opportunities, increasing speed, forging ahead" Therefore the countermeasures and suggestions are proposed on the modern higher education through constructing and improving a quality system of higher education in underdeveloped provinces and regions, expanding rapidly and effectively the resources of higher education in less-developed provinces and regions and creating regional characteristics of higher education in western underdeveloped provinces and regions.The following chapters make up of the main points of the logic structure in the dissertation:The first chapter is an introduction, about the background and significance of the research, and then leading to the problems in the resource integration mechanism research in higher education in less-developed provinces and regions; The second chapter deals with the logical starting points of the research based on the relevant theories, definitions of fundamental concepts and comparative studies both at home and abroad; The third and fourth chapters further display the research in the integration mechanisms through specific data and empirical analysis; The fifth chapter summarizes the power of main mechanisms of resource allocation on the basis of the study mentioned above, thus creates an analysis model of "the integration mechanism"; Based on the research results, the sixth chapter proposes some countermeasures and suggestions on the resource integration optimization of higher education in western underdeveloped provinces and regions.