Addchance Of Corporate Legal System,

According to corporate intention, Corporations are divided into For-profit Corporation and Public-benefit Corporation in the traditional corporation categorization manner. This kind of categorization can be found in both continent law and common law. But there exists a kind of corporation form called Chamber of Commerce and Guild, which is established for neither profitable nor public benefit purpose and thus challenged to the traditional categorization of corporations.As the respondence to this challenge, America admitted a new special corporation in legislation in 1987, namely Mutual-benefit Corporation. In Japan, the congress constituted the midst corporation law so as to regulate the related legal problem with this type of corporation in 2003. Since For-profit Corporation and public- benefit Corporation are all categorized by the purpose of corporations, this special type of corporation should be named as Mutual-benefit Corporation, which includes chamber of commerce, guild, academic institute, all kinds of club, alliance, cooperation and stock exchange, etc.. All of these organizations are established in the method of membership and belong to nonprofit corporation. Their intention is mainly for mutual assistance and mutual benefit.From the history development track, corporation system was not used in Business Corporation at first. The word of corporation came forth in the Middle Ages and was referred to guild, church and liberty city, etc.. For-profit organizations, such as concessionary trade companies, were just granted corporation status until seventeen century. From then on the word of corporation was used to indicate company. The guild, church and liberty city that were called as corporation at first, resisted autarchy power everywhere in virtue of organizational ally among handicraft industry person, follower of a religion and city citizens. By this token, the emergence of Mutual-benefit Corporation is earlier than Business Corporation and other kinds of public-benefit corporations. In fact, this phenomenon is not strange and the foundation of group corporations rooted in people's desire of incorporation. By incorporation, people can protect themselves, achieve mutual assistance and mutual benefit. The author analyzed the characters of Mutual-benefit Corporation in this article and pointed out its different specialties through comparing with For-profit Corporation...