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A Study Of The Raising, Management And Credit Relationship Of Commercial Capital During The Late Ming Period

Posted on:2006-04-28Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:Q SunFull Text:PDF
GTID:1115360152986152Subject:History of Ancient China
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
From the interaction between economic foundation and superstructure, thesocio-economical mechanizing pulse and the stability or consolidation of the emperordespotism unfold an imbalanced phenomenon during the late Ming Dynasty. How does the'imbalanced situation' become possible? And whether it implies that the socio-economycannot be developed or stagnant during the late Ming Dynasty? For answering the abovequestions, it is a great urgency to investigate and evaluate the degree and potentials of thecommodity commerce development during that time. This research bears significance fordiscussing the traditional Chinese social development prospect. The previous researches which center on the discussion of the late Ming dynasty'straditional social development mainly follow the framework of "capitalism sprout". Thismeans of investigation focuses on the production relationship between different sectors ofindustry while not paying great attention to the commerce development, especially the systemand the mode of capital operation. This dissertation starts from the discussion of commercial capital, especially themanagement situation of the raising, management and the credit relationship during the lateMing period so as to explain why and how it developed. Based on the investigation, weunderstood that the smooth communication of family capital collection provides the premisefor the development of mechanization in the late Ming dynasty, and the socialized capitalcollection is the key factor for its potential further development. Merchant made full use ofthe present social factors and developed them to meet the demands of capital management,which made the independent managements of capitalists become possible. The commercialcredit-like trading ways were developed. The scope of commerce activities exceeded itsoriginal power thus made a flourishing commodity economy in the late Ming dynasty. Themanagement of commercial capital was supported by the so-called "family culture" due to theinfluence of kinship. Freewill agreements and bonds were developed and become a stabilizedcommerce tradition and rule. Because they have no fundamental conflict with the nationallegal system, the commercial capital constitutes no blocks to its development Generally, thenational legal system settles for the extensive commerce situation, thus makes the commercialactivities enjoy more freedom of management. But in certain exceptional fields, which mostlyinvolved the national legal system, legal and illegal managements still stood side by side. Thecenter of the national economic policy was "encouraging the farming while repressing thecommerce", so the result was not being destroyed but controlled instead. With thedevelopment of commerce, we didn't see any sign of serious depressing farming due to thecentralization of national power, but some important economic policies made certainarrangements to the adaptation to the commerce development. Generally speaking, thedevelopment of commerce is energetic, full of features and potentials. Because of such kindof amazing development, the commerce activity unfolds a prosperous phenomenon andrealizes noticeable commerce development in result of promoting social economicdevelopment and bringing a brand new stable and peaceful golden time in the late Mingdynasty. The late Ming dynasty, which experienced the commerce development, shows amechanizing-oriented mobility based on the social life and other social factors. It is notimportant to investigate whether the mobility presumes a different change or disorganizationof the Chinese traditional society or another kind of "contemporary-like development". TheMing and Tsing dynasties are not stagnant, and they definitely needn't follow certainstandards or modes of "contemporary-like development" From previous researches, the discussion of "capital sprout" advocates that China shouldbecome a capitalistic nation by itself, so they focused on the direction of capitalisticdevelopment of Chinese society. The understanding of "intensity" based on the inves...
Keywords/Search Tags:the late Ming period, commercial capital, raising, management, commercial credit
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