Simeng School Aristotle Ethics Thought Comparative Study

Using comparative method to study the ethics thought of SiMeng school and Aristotle is the basis of this paper.Before the specific analysis and comparison, this paper first solve three related theory problem:one is the existence form,thought characteristics and academic origin of SiMeng school; two is that if the ethics of SiMeng school is the ethics of virtue; three is the theory of human nature of SiMeng school and Aristotle. First, SiMeng school is the important school of Confucian, its formation is the construction process of the history, becaucs of the real history existence and the value of the appeal of the builders, nature and the TianDao is the focus problem, idealistic theory is its development clue, the theory of virtue is the main content, and Benevolent rule is the application and outspread of its ethical thoughts, and its metaphysical thought could be influenced by early Daoism. Secondly, the Confucian and SiMeng school have some certain features and factors of role ethics and normative ethics, but its core is "adult", so the author tend to believe it as a virtue ethics. Again, the problem of human nature is the base problem of SiMeng school and Aristotle, and what it is itself decide what it should be.SiMeng school think that human nature is good, virtue or social nature is the person's nature; and Aristotle thinks that rational (cognitive rational) is the person's nature, and moral virtue is man's second nature. The discusses of the three problems (the first three chapters) are the whole paper basis chapters.Next, the four to eight chapter of thesis proceed a concrete analysis and comparison on the virtue theory of SiMeng school and Aristotle. First, the author analyses and compares the concrete moral virtue and realization of virtue of SiMeng school and Aristotle, thinking that SiMeng school pay attention to the form of realization of from inside to outside, and Aristotle pay attention to the form of from outside to niside. Secondly, the author analyses and compares the two kinds of the theory of virtue standard, the ZhongYong and the mean, think ing that they are a kind of moderate and appropriate, the ZhongYong is a kind of moral ontology except of virtue standard, the mean belongs only to moral virtue, the reason is not inside of it. In addition, the author analysis and compare the relationship of emotion and reason in both Chinese and western virtue theory, and think that emotion and reason are coexisting and not be separated in the both virtue theory, but SiMeng school attention emotion, its reason is emotion reason and moral reason, and Aristotle attention reason, his moral virtues are the right of emotion and desire controlled by reason, the foundation of reason is analytical and cognitive rational, or objective rational. In addition, this paper analyses and compares the relationship of virtue and happiness, virtue and external good, SiMeng school and Aristotle think that virtues contain happy and true happiness is the happiness of virtues, and should be alert to the happiness of flesh, what is different, Aristotle thinks the form process of virtue with the pain, and SiMeng school are more emphasis on the spiritual realm of harmony of sorrow and happiness; For external goods, both sides think that are essential to survival, but SiMeng school more emphasis on the self-sufficiency of the outside insufficient, emphasize the transcendence of external object.Chapter9of the paper "highest purpose and features" is a summary of the above, think that the highest good and TianDao are the highest purpose of SiMeng school, namely the harmony between Tian and man, and realizing the Dao of the saint and the excellent person, and the highest purpose of Aristotle ethics is happiness, and that are the highest happiness meditation and overall happiness including all internal and external good. In addition, the main features of SiMeng school include the dialectical thinking of unity of Tian and man, the congenital and intrinsic quality of virtue, the foundation of the emotion, the unity of metaphysics,ethics and politics, and the main characteristic of Aristotle ethics include the form of cognitive thinking, generative of virtue, the importance of conduct, rational leading, the unity of metaphysics, ethics and politics based on separation, and these features original at the both sides difference of the social system and the natural environment, and so on.The last two chapters, chapter10" ethics and politics ", chapter11" the future direction of virtue ethics and Confucian ethics " are the whole paper deepening and extension. the Society realizing of virtue is eventually foothold of the ethics, and the embodiment of social problems are the political system and social system, so the Confucian advocates inside saint outside king, Aristotle encourages citizens city-states, the Confucian adhere to the "ethics standard"and Aristotle try to realize social good through creating a good political system, legal education system. Integrity,harmony,purpose and nobility of virtue ethics should be a good complement to western normative ethics, and Confucian ethics should also learn the advantage from western virtue ethics and normative ethics, give up "ethics standard", make the institutions and social system become effective means and ways of social good realization.