The Associatoin Study Between Prevalence Of Essential Hypertension And Its Related Risk Factors With Mthfr/Enos/at1r Gene Polymorphism In Hui And Han People In Wuzhong City Of Ningxia

Objective: This study was to explore the prevalence of hypertensionand its risk factors among Hui and Han people in Wuzhong city of Ningxia.Methods:Residents above18years old in Wuzhong were randomlysampled by means of cluster sampling. All kinds of information werecollected by interview, physical examination in sampled residents.Results:1.Demographic characteristics: The male was2421(45.5%)and the female was2895(54.5%). The average age of male was(50.73±17.99) years old and the female was (50.80±17.98) years old. Hanpeople were41.0%and Hui people was59.0%.2.Blood pressure level: Themean of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)was (119.18±18.41)mmHg and (75.52±11.00)mmHg respectively in thetarget population. The mean of DBP in men was higher than that in women(P<0.05). The mean of SBP in women was higher than that in men, but therewas no statistical difference between them (P>0.05). Both means of SBPand DBP increased progressively with age and body mass index and waist circumference for men and women (P<0.05). Both means of SBP and DBPwere higher in Han nationality than those in Hui nationality (P<0.05).3.Prevalence of hypertension: Prevalence and standardized prevalence ofhypertension in Wuzhong were23.7%and14.3%respectively. Prevalenceof hypertension was higher in women than that in men (P<0.05). Prevalenceof hypertension was higher in Han than that in Hui people (P<0.05). Theprevalence of hypertension in men and women increased progressively withthe growth of age (P<0.05).4. Risk factors of hypertension: Logisticregression analysis revealed that the following factors increased risk ofhypertension significantly: family history of hypertension, high-salt diet,obesity, drinking history, overweight, age, female, smoking habits, marriedstatus, and high-meat diet. Hui nationality, people engaged in agriculture andphysical activity were protective factors of hypertension.5. Awareness,treatment and control of hypertension: In all the patients, the percentage ofawareness was73.9%, the percentage of take medication was63.3%, and thecontrol percentage of hypertension was20.9%. Hypertension awareness,treatment and control in female were higher than those in male, but onlytreatment had significant statistics difference (P<0.05); Hypertensionawareness, treatment and control in urban were higher than those in rural(P<0.01); Hypertension awareness, treatment and control in Han peoplewere higher than those in Hui people (P<0.05).Conclusion:1. The prevalence of hypertension above18years oldpeople in Wuzhong is higher than the nationwide level in2002. Prevalenceof hypertension in han people was higher than that in hui people.2. Thepercentages of awareness and prevalence rate were high, the controlpercentages of hypertension was still low. Hypertension awareness,treatment and control in Han people were higher than those in Hui people.3.The major independent risk factors for hypertension are family history of hypertension, high-salt diet, obesity, drinking history, overweight, age,smoking habits, high-meat diet and so on, while the independent protectivefactors are Hui nationality, people engaged in agriculture and physicalactivity. Objective: To comparatively study distributional characteristics ofgene polymorphism of N5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)between Hui and Han nationalities in Ningxia and the relationship betweenthe polymorphism and essential hypertension.Methods: The study was performed in146Hui patients and155Hanpatients with essential hypertensive (EH) and was performed in112Huipeople and140Han people with normal tensive (NT). MTHFR genepolymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restrictionfragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).Results:1.The distribution of genotypes in the Hui and Han peoplewere in line with Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium equation(P>0.05).2.The frequencies of TT genotype and T allele in Hui patients withhypertension were no difference with those in Han patients (P>0.05). Therewere also no significant differences between Hui NT group and Han NT group (P>0.05). The frequencies of677TT genotype and T allele in Huipatients with EH were higher than those of Hui NT group (P<0.05). Thefrequencies of CT+TT genotype and T allele in Han patients with EH wereboth higher than those of control (P<0.05).3. Systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure weresignificantly different among three genotype groups(P<0.05). The meandifferences between two of the various comparison showed that systolicblood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure in CTgenotype group were higher than those of CC genotype group,there wassignificant difference between two groups(P<0.05). Systolic blood pressure,pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure in TT genotype group were higherthan those of CC genotype group,there was significant difference betweentwo groups(P<0.05). Blood pressure was not significantly different betweenCT genotype group and TT genotype group (P>0.05). Binary stepwiselogistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting other confoundingfactors,CT and TT genotypes of MTHFR gene were significantly associatedwith essential hypertension(CT:OR1.952,95%CI1.263~3.016,P=0.003；OR2.433,95%CI1.371~4.318,P=0.002). CT genetype,TTgenetype,age,body mass index,blood urea nitrogen(BUN),furic acid,triglyceride(TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) were riskfactors for essential hypertension. Fasting serum glucose was protectivefactors of hypertension.Conclusions: There was not racial difference between Hui and Hannationalities with MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism. The polymorphismhas a correlation with EH between Hui and Han nationalities in Ningxia. Tallele maybe a susceptible gene for EH in Ningxia people. Objective: To investigate the association between the polymorphismof endothelial nitric oxide synthesis(eNOS) gene G894T and essentialhypertension(EH)in Hui and Han nationality in Ningxia.Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragmentlength polymorphism (RFLP) methods were used to detect the G894Tpolymorphism of eNOS gene in Hui nationality including142patients withEH and112normal controls, in Han nationality including158patients withEH and176normal controls. The frequencies of genotype distribution in Huiand Han nationality of essential hypertension in Ningxia were studied.Results:1.Hui nationality:The distribution genotype frequencies ofGG, GT and TT were83.10%,16.20%and8.80%in hypertension groups,and those in normal groups were85.71%,14.29%and0, respectively, whichshowed no significant difference(P>0.05); The allelic frequencies of G andT were91.20%,8.80%respectively in hypertension group and92.86%,7.14%in normal group. The allele frequencies of G/T were nosignificant difference in above two groups (P>0.05).2. Han nationality:The distribution genotype frequencies of GG, GT and TT were86.25%,13.13%and0.62%in hypertension groups, and those in normalgroups were87.50%,11.36%and1.14%, respectively, which showed no significant difference(P>0.05); The allelic frequencies of G and T were92.81%,7.19%respectively in hypertension group and93.18%,6.82%innormal group. The allele frequencies of G/T were no significant differencein above two groups (P>0.05).Conclusions: It was not associated between the G894T polymorphismof eNOS gene with essential hypertension in Hui and Han nationality ofNingxia. There also was no racial difference between Hui and Han peoplewith eNOS G894T gene polymorphism. Objective: To investigate the association between the polymorphismof angiogenesis Ⅱ type1receptor (AT1R) gene A1166C with essentialhypertension(EH)in Hui and Han nationality in Ningxia.Methods: The genomic DNA were extracted from the peripheral bloodof594people in Ningxia. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restrictionfragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods were used to detect theA1166C polymorphism of AT1R gene in Hui nationality including146patients with EH and112normal controls, in Han nationality including160patients with EH and176normal people as control.The frequencies ofgenotype distribution in Hui and Han nationality of essential hypertension inNingxia were studied,and the relationship between the polymorphism ofangiontensinⅡtype1receptor(AT1R)gene A1166C with dyslipidemialevels in essential hypertensive Hui nationality of Ningxia.Results:1.Hui nationality: The distribution genotype frequencies ofAA, AC and CC were88.36%,11.64%and0in EH group, and those innormal group were93.75%,6.25%and0, respectively, which showed nosignificant difference (P>0.05); The allelic frequencies of A and C were94.18%and5.82%in EH group, and96.87%and3.13%in normal group,respectively (P>0.05). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference inthe genotype frequencies of AA, AC, CC and the A/C allele frequencies between EH group and normal group (P>0.05). The TG levels aresignificantly higher in hypertension group than those in normal group([2.11±1.16)mmol/L vs(1.53±1.01)mmol/L (P <0.001)]; In hypertensiongroup,TG,TC,HDL-C and LDL-C has no relationship with A1166Cpolymorphism of AT1R gene,and dyslipidemia levels of AC carriers werelower than AA carriers (P>0.05).2. Han nationality: The distributiongenotype frequencies of AA, AC and CC were93.13%,6.25%and0.62%in hypertension groups, and those in normal groups were87.50%,11.36%and1.14%, respectively, which showed no significant difference(P>0.05);The allelic frequencies of A and C were96.25%,3.75%respectively inhypertension group and93.18%,6.82%in normal group. The allelefrequencies of A/C were no significant difference in above two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions: There was no significant association between theA1166C polymorphism of AT1R gene and EH in Hui and Han nationality ofNingxia., and no significant association between the A1166C polymorphismof AT1R gene and dyslipidemia levels in hypertensive Hui nationality ofNingxia.