Square Dosage Strategy Based On Multi-level Literature Mining Through Research,

Objective:The syndrome differentiation and treatment is the essence of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Beside the theory, method, formula and herb types, the dosage is a key factor to curative effect of TCM. The strategies of dosage are the collections of the best dosage programs obtained through long-term thinking and summing up, during the proces of doctors pursuing the maximum treatment, effect. They are important parts of the theory of the prescription dose and important standards of clinical doctors'technical level. However, at present, the understanding of prescription dosage of TCM remains in a traditional, vague description and generalization stage, the lack of depth and systematic research results the lack of scientific support and theoretical basis to the reasonable clinical prescription dosage of TCM, which restricts the improvement of TCM efficacy. The study used different methods of text data mining from classical prescriptions, to summarize strategies of dosage, build an item pool of all strategies of dosage and investigate a research mold of dosage-theory of prescriptions.Content and Methods:Dosage of each herb, whole formula and compatibility were the focus of this study. According to the cross-sectional investigation of original classical prescriptions, the National Medical Masters'prescriptions and the prescriptions of the modern famous doctors, the study compared the differentiations between the classic formula and modern formulas from the dosage of each herb, whole formula and compatibility. Using the descriptive statistics, cluster analysis and other methods of text data mining, the study researched the text and prescriptions of Treatise on Febrile Disease, Golden Chamber, the National Medical Masters' prescriptions and the prescriptions of the modern famous doctors. The study researched the prescription dosage rules of 15 kinds of herbs which appeared more than 20 times in the classical prescriptions and their compatibility. The study tried to find the tacit strategies of dosage according to summing up the prescription dosage characteristics from the 6 groups formulas with the same compatibilities and different efficacies. The study tried to find the explicit strategies according to the text cluster analysis, indexing doctors' understanding to the prescription dosage and summarizing the similar items of classical prescription texts The study also tried to find the mold of building the item pool, of all strategies of dosage, and finally built the item pool of classical prescriptions strategies of dosage.Result:(1) The original classical prescriptions have simple but accurate and effective compatibilities.250 classical prescriptions have 4.61 kinds of herbs on average.178 oral decoctions of classical prescriptions have 214.73g of the whole prescriptions and 47.82g of each herb on average. 1005 National Medical Masters'prescriptions had 10.83 kinds of herbs, 127.43g of the whole prescriptions dosage and 11.77g of each herb on average. The average herb numbers of the modern prescription is 3-4 times, the whole prescription dosages were almost the same while the average dosage of single herb is 1/3 of the classical prescriptions. (2) 15 kinds of the commonly used herbs' average dosage threshold are wider than the pharmacopoeia. The average dosage thresholds of classical prescriptions were 20.53 and 3.64 times of pharmacopoeia while one'liang'in classical prescriptions convert into 13.8g and 3g. The average dosage thresholds of National Medical Masters' prescriptions were 4.19 times of pharmacopoeia. (3) Both the classical prescriptions and the National Medical Masters'prescriptions had shown the strategies of dosage that selecting the appropriate dose according to the drug efficacy and disease conditions. (4) The original text of classical prescriptions had shown the strategies of dosage such as selecting dosage according to the disease, syndromes, conditions, patients, drugs, formulations, reactions to drugs, medication methods and seasons. The classical prescriptions used by National Medical Masters and modern famous doctors have also considered the characters of diseases, patients and drugs. The strategies of dosage have a same strain. (5) The study had constructed four entries of the prescription dosage strategy pool, thel,2-level entries were belong to the programmatic entry, reflected the clinical dose (or variables) factors, the 3-level entry contains a specific dosage selecting way, which can explain when and what dosage should be given. The 4-level entry was the original entry form literature, the number of original entry were used to calculate the weight of the superior entry, which could assess the authenticity of the strategy. (6) The study had summed up the 1-level strategies of dosage:selecting dosage according to the disease, syndromes, formulas and drugs. Also the 2-level strategies of dosage: selecting dosage according to disease, syndromes, conditions, patients, drugs, formulations, reactions to drugs, medication methods and seasons The study had initially built the prescription dosage strategy pool based on the classical prescription.Conclusion:(1) The original classical prescriptions have simple but accurate and effective compatibilities. The accurate formulas were advocated to be used in intensive conditions. The original classical prescriptions have simple compatibilities but huge dosage of each herb. The simple but accurate and effective compatibilities are suitable to the intensive conditions.(2) Expansed the dose threshold of TCM can improve the clinical efficacy of prescriptions. The drug dosage threshold is closely related to efficacy, a narrow dose range is difficult to cover all the effective dose of the drug treatment of different diseases, which may limit the choice of the optimal dose of clinical prescription and affect the efficacy. Relatived the pharmacopoeia provided dose, the classical prescriptions and clinical actual usage had a wider dose range. Therefore the expansion of the threshold dose of Chinese medicine can improve the clinical efficacy of prescription.(3)Selecting a clinical prescription dosage (single herb dosage whole formula dosage and dosage take in of each time) of TCM had some standards according to the strategies of dosage:disease, syndromes formulas and drugs.