Chemical Constituents From Four Medicinal Plants In Taibai Mountain

Based on the theories of natural products chemistry and the modern chemical separation technology, the chemical constituents from four medicinal plants in Taibai mountain were studied. About 70 compounds, including two new compounds: a new lignan 4'-(1'-propenoic methyl ester)phenoxyl caffeate, a new furospirostanol saponin (25S)-22,25-Epoxy-26-[(α-L- arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-3β-hydroxy-furost-5-en-1β-O-β-D-glucoside. The results are concluded as follows:1. Bai Guo Qi, commonly named as"Ji Zhao Qi"or"Tian Wang Qi", is the root or the whole plant of Triosteum pinnatifidum Maxim., belonging to the Triosteum genus of Caprifoliaceae family. It is used for the treatment of rheumatic disease, traumatic injury, dyspepsia and menoxenia. Twelve compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plant of T. pinnatifidum, as three iridoid glycosides: Secologanin dimethylacetal (TZB-1), Sweroside (TZB-4) and Vogeloside (TZB-13); two flavonoids: Luteolin 4′-O-β-D-glucoside (TZB-2) and Kumatakenin (TZB-3); two coumarins: Fraxidin (TZB-6) and Scopoletin (TZB-7); three triterpenoids: Ursolic acid (TZB-8), 3β-O-Acetylursolic acid (TZB-9) and Hederagonic acid (TZB-10); two phenylpropanoids: Methyl caffeate (TZB-11) and Methyl chlorogenate (TZB-12). Among them, nine compounds TZB-2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 were reported for the first time from this plant.2. Hei Dian Cao, locally known as"Huang Gua Cai","Da Huang Gua Xiang"or"Gua Mi Cai", is the root or the whole plant of Tricyrtis maculata (D. Don) Machride, belonging to the family Liliaceae. It's a kind of Chinese medicinal herb, which is used for the treatment of gastric hot thirsty, restlessness and ministry oedema. Sixteen compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plant of T. maculata, as seven steroids: 12α-Hydroxyprogesterone (HSQ-1), Stigmast-4-en-3-one (HSQ-3), Stigmasterol (HSQ-4),β-Sitosterol (HSQ-6),β-Daucosterol (HSQ-8), 5α-Stigmastane-3β,6α-diol (HSQ-10) and Pregnenolone (HSQ-11); six flavonoids: Afzelin (HSQ-2), Kaempferol (HSQ-13), 5,7,2′,6′-Tetrahydroxyflavone (HSQ-14), Nicotiflorin (HSQ-15), Quercetin (HSQ-16) and Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-gluco-pyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (HSQ-17); one lignan 4'-(1'-Propenoic methyl ester)phenoxyl caffeate (HSQ-7); two small molecules: Pyrocatechol (HSQ-5) and Protocatechuic acid (HSQ-12). They were reported for the first time from this plant, and the compound HSQ-7 is a new lignan. 3. Tu'er San, locally known as"Yi Ba San","Yu San Cai"or"Long Tou Qi", is the root or the whole plant of Syneilesis aconitifolia (Bge.) Maxim., belonging to the Syneilesis genus of Compositae family. It's used for the treatment of pain of arthritis, stomachalgia, menoxenia and hemorrhoids. Fourteen compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plant of S. aconitifolia, as eight flavonoids: Quercitrin (TES-1), Isoquercitrin (TES-3), Afzelin (TES-4), 4′,7,8-Trihydroxy-isoflavone 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (TES-6), Avicularin (TES-8), Daidzin (TES-12), Quercetin (TES-13) and Ononin (TES-14); one stilbenoid: (+)-α-Viniferin (TES-2); two steroids: Daucosterol (TES-5a) and Stigmasterol 3-O-β-D- glucopyranoiside (TES-5b); two triterpenoids: Oleanic acid (TES-9) and 4-epi-Hederagenic acid (TES-10); one sugar alcohol: D-Arabinitol (TES-7). Among them, eleven compounds TES-2, 4, 5a, 5b, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14 were reported for the first time from this plant.4. Tie Kuai Zi, commonly named as"Hei Mao Qi"or"Xiao Tao Qi", is Helleborus thibetanus Franch., belonging to the family Ranunculaceae. Its dried rhizomes have been used as Chinese folk medicine for the treatment of cystitis, urethritis and traumatic injury. Thirty compounds were isolated and purified from 70% ethanolic extract of the rhizomes of H. thibetanus, as seven phytoecdystones:β-Ecdysterone (TGC-1), Polypodine B (TGC-2),β-Ecdysterone 2,3-monoacetonide (TGC-3),α-Ecdysone (TGC-13),β-Ecdysterone 3-O-β-D- glucoside (TGC-14),β-Ecdysterone 3-acetate (TGC-23) and 5β-Hydroxyecdysone 3-O-β-D- glucoside (TGC-37); six bufadienolides:Desacetylbufotalin (TGC-5), Hellebrigenin (TGC-7), Deglucohellebrin (TGC-12), Hellebrigenin 3-O-β-D-glucoside (TGC-15), Tigencaoside A (TGC-20) and Tigencaoside B (TGC-22); five flavonoids: Luteolin 4′-O-β-D-glucoside (TGC-8), Vincetoxicoside B (TGC-24), Rutin (TGC-25), 5-Hydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone (TGC-30) and Quercetin (TGC-36); two anthraquinones: Physcion (TGC-16) and Chrysophanol (TGC-18); two arylnaphthalenes Podophyllotoxin (TGC-19a) and (-)-Picropodophyllotoxin (TGC-19b); one furospirostanol saponin (25S)-22,25-Epoxy- 26-[(α-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-3β-hydroxy-furost-5-en-1β-O-β-D-glucoside (TGC-4); and other small molecules:β-Sitosterol (TGC-21), Glucose (TGC-11), Succinic acid (TGC-29), Vanillic acid (TGC-32), (3S,4R)-3-Hydroxy-4-hydroxymethyl-4-butanolide (TGC-33), p-Hydroxybenzoic acid (TGC-34) and Veratric acid (TGC-35). Among them, twenty-two compounds TGC-3, 5, 8, 11, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19a, 19b, 21, 23, 24, 25, 29, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 were reported for the first time from this plant. The compound TGC-4 is a new furospirostanol saponin.