Research On The Energy-Saving Generation Dispatching In Electricity Market Environment

Energy-saving generation dispatching is implemented in power industry for the national Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction strategy. The implementation of energy-saving generation dispatching shows a distinctive effect on that strategy since it can significantly reduce the consumption of these non-renewable energy sources, such as coal, and reduce the emissions as well. However, the exiting power industry in China is living through a transitional period towards the power market, and the implementation of energy-saving generation dispatching in practice will encounter many difficulties, such as the compensation for the shutting down small thermal power and the resettlement for its staff, the pricing of generating right trading, the compensation for the increasing cost to the purchase electricity grid, the measurement of the benefit from the energy-saving generation dispatching, the security and reliability issues in electricity system caused by shutting down small power plants and cross-power trade, and the connection of the energy-saving generation dispatching and the power market convergence. Those issues above need to be study in-depth. The power system is a complex system, which consists of plant, grid and load composition. The mission of the traditional economic dispatching is to maximize the operation of the economy under the condition of certain safety and power quality, that is to aim at the lowest fuel cost targets by using the existing energy and equipment reasonably. With the implementing of energy-saving generation dispatching, the objective of traditional economic dispatch can not meet the requirements of the new policy. Therefore, a problem that we are encountering is how to build a new energy-saving generation dispatching model. This thesis thus designed to study theses issues in the power market environment will have an importantly theoretical and practical significance.This dissertation first explains the related theory, analyzing the differences between the electricity and the common goods by using the theories of Western Economics, which is the prediction for the study of energy-saving generation dispatching. And then this paper discusses several issues about energy-saving generation dispatching from the aspect of the plants structure optimization, the generating right trade, the economic compensation for replaced electricity, the benefit and the grid security by applying the theory and technology of engineering economics, multi-objective optimization, particle swarm algorithm theory and so on. Specifically, the main content and findings are as follows:1. The background, purpose and meaning, and the research methods used are introduced. The reviews and comments are addressed on the existing energy-saving dispatching, generating right trading and power market risk, and the inadequate of existing studies as well. The idea of this research and the main structure of the content are briefly introduced, and the related basic theory is also expounded.2. Complying with the convergence between energy-saving generation dispatching and power market and taking into account the internalization of environmental costs of the power generation company, the plants structure should be optimized to achieve the goal of energy-saving generation dispatching, which provides the possibility to gain the generating right according to the bids during the power market biding. In line with the national implementation of energy-saving generation dispatching, a rule must be proposed to arrange the generating order according to different energy consuming levels in order to achieve a combination goal of energy saving, environmental protection and economical. The target of traditional economic dispatching should be remodeled to meet the Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction goal, and the corresponding multi-objective optimization models should be established.3. Market-oriented means such as the generating right trade should be applied to achieve the Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction goal. The generating right trading includes assigning right divested by the small thermal units which have been shuttled down, replacing the small generations by the big one, exchanging the generating right between hydropower and thermal power. To set up a multi-objective optimization model of generating right trade, the greatest social utility could be considered.4. The issues of compensation and benefits caused by power replacement could be addressed. The energy-saving generation dispatching will produce resource conservation, environmental protection effect, but a high cost of renewable resource power generation as well. The marketing of power industry has distinguished the generation side from the transmission side, so the generating right trade will also re-distribute the benefits, and how to adjust the interest structure and prevent the increase of the retail price of electricity is also necessary to be on agenda. The replacement compensation issues have been analyzed separately from the compensation amount and the amount of compensation competitive; the benefit of the replacement has been addressed from the aspects of direct benefits and indirect benefits, the electricity market participating, which provides a basis for scheduling energy-saving generation dispatching.5. The issues of network security caused by energy-saving operation mode. Shutting down small power plants and trading of generating right etc. will change the power flow distribution, in which case the power system security is vital important. Through the power system stability analysis and security domain methods, the static power system stability and transient stability have been analyzed, which provides a reference for the safe operation of power system under the energy saving operation mode.The originalities of this dissertation mainly lie in the following four aspects:1. When establishing the power structure optimization model, the dissertation has analyzed the social and environmental costs of thermal power plant, which enables the internalization of environmental costs and provides a reference for the accurate estimate of the social and environmental costs when electricity market bidding is fully implemented in future; the newly-established power plant structure optimization model has altered the objectives from the traditional minimum cost to generate electricity or minimize the purchasing electricity cost to the multi-objectives of energy saving, environmental protection and economic, and this is fully consistent with the current thought of energy-saving generation dispatching approach.2. This dissertation has designed an electricity trading mechanism and established an energy-saving generation dispatching model based on the generating right trading. This model has taken into account the factors that maximize the whole social utility and the saving-amount of the energy consuming, which modified the sole traditional objective of economic efficiency. In light of shutting down small thermal power plants and the "Big for small" generating right trading, after the comprehensive analysis of compensation method, the dissertation has set up two kinds compensation calculation models respectively based on the generating right trading and comprehensive benefits competition.3. The substitute of generations based on energy-saving generation dispatching will bring a comprehensive benefit for the replacement sides, the power grid enterprises, the national and all levels of government with economic efficiency increasing and environmental situation improving. However current study on the replacement benefits of energy-saving generation dispatching is rare. This dissertation asserts that the replacement benefits consists of two parts, the direct benefits which contribute to the participants in the electricity market, and the indirect benefits which belong to the entities outer the market. In other words, the scope of benefits brought by the substitute of generation content not only the direct economical and social benefits on itself, but also the various kinds of indirect benefit to other organizations, institutions and individuals.4. Aimed at two specific kinds of generating right trades of shutting down small thermal power plants and the "Big for small", after the comprehensive analysis of compensation method, this dissertation has constructed two kinds compensation calculation models respectively based on the generating right trading and comprehensive benefits competition, and thus the dissertation provides the methods to determine the amount of compensation.