Research On Sanjiang Plain Wetland Ecosystem Health Evaluation And Manangement

Wetlands which is together with forests and grasslands were collectively known as the the world’s three major ecosystems. Whether in maintaining social stability, promoting economic development and in terms of protecting the environment, wetlands can always generate huge benefits.With the worseningthe global crisis due to wetland loss and degradation worldwide,how tomore effectively and scientifically carry out conservation andmanagement has increasingly become the focus of attentionof the international community. According toecosystem management rules, conducting scientific research on protection and management for wetlandsis not only the inevitable result of the development of wetland science, but also the requirement for management disciplinecontinuouslyexpanding and deepening,and the urgent appealsfor the protection and management of wetlands.Sanjiang Plain located in northeast China has a vast area of land and rich natural resources, which is the freshwater marsh centralized distribution area. It has five wetlands of international importance suchas Sanjiang Wetland, Honghe Wetland and Khanka wetland. As world’s most important wetland gene pool of species, producing Commodity grain base and combat readiness grain storage base, Sanjiang plain is located in the inland border river drainage basin. For the above reasons, it makes that wetland protection has important significance to conservation of biological diversity, building a strong natural barrier for food production and maintaining homeland security.However,Sanjiang plain wetland still did not escape the crisis of wetlands disappeared and degradation due to excessively, disorderly and reasonable exploitation and utilization ofresources. In 1998,Heilongjiang province has issued "Decision on strengthening the wetland protection",which make clear a regulation thatall the existing wetlands shall stop reclamation,Sanjiang plain wetland has entered the phase of protection.However,in the process to achieve wetland environmental and economic benefits,it has been troubled into a corner that protection and utilization of the wetland restrain each other.Thus the wetland ecosystem is difficult to continue the healthy development that puts forward a new topic for management of wetland research. This paperevaluates the health of wetland ecosystem and put forward the countermeasures to ecosystem management for Sanjiang plain wetland.First of all,this research conducted a thorough investigation and research data on the basis of health assessment of wetland ecosystemin the domestic and foreign.The purpose of doing so is for conducting in-depth research and analysis of ecosystem health conditionin Sanjiang Plain wetland.By inviting experts from Forestry administrations, universities and administrative departmentsto discuss and determine the content of the survey data and questionnaires, and carring out thoroughly measuring data and questionnaires amnong administrative departments, research institutes and local residents participated in the Sanjiang Plain wetland management, so as to provide a scientific basis for detailed data analysis and mathematical statistics for Sanjiang Plain wetland health status.Secondly,we applyed the structural equation model to survey data for statistical analysis. and then combined the public expectations with scientific judgments of experts to determine the health impact of factors and the importance of wetland ecosystem in the Sanjiang Plain. On the basis of the results of structural equation model, using the methodof Set Pair Analysis, we constructed the Sanjiang Plain wetland ecosystem health evaluation and prediction model.The study found that for nearly 30 years, the threat to Sanjiang Plain wetland ecosystem health was mainly from the interaction and effect of superposition of human activities and natural disturbances, Wherein, the main factors is from the human beings. The reason that caused the slow progress of Sanjiang Plain wetland ecosystem health improvements is restricted to inefficient of wetland management and self-recovery capability. Through studying the health evolutionary simulation trend of Sanjiang Plain wetland ecosystem, we could found that in the coming period, the health management focus of Sanjiang Plain wetland ecosystem is human disturbance, wetland restoration and material contribution, which also provide a scientific basis for the Sanjiang Plain Wetlands. to the forcesurface problems in Sanjiang plain wetland health mainly reflects in human disturbance and makes the wetland natural disturbance resistance to disturbance and immune ability and meet the demand of human society in wetlands. Based on this, the sanjiang plain wetland ecosystem health problem of disturbance factors in the analysis found that human disturbance factors than nature itself the disturbance of wetland degradation, human life and production in wetland ecosystem wetland resource degradation and damage in the region.Finally, combined with local reality, based on the results of health evaluation and prediction of Sanjiang Plain wetland ecosystem, this study innovatively constructed Sanjiang Plain wetland ecosystem and Health Management System. Since the Sanjiang Plain Wetlands are important ecological resources and environmental protection barrier, it has an important role and significance that to guarantee agricultural production and homeland security, keep economic and social sustainable development of the region. This paper hopes to provide some suggestions and references for wetland management. aiming at the problems existing in the sanjiang plain wetland ecosystem health and the reasons, and combined the actual area to build the sanjiang plain wetland ecosystem health and hierarchical management system. Based primarily on the wetland area respectively, supplemented by function were classified, in turn, it is divided into sections class strictly GuanHuOu, corridor ecological restoration area, stepping stone wetland restoration area and development class administrative zones. On the basis of wetland classification management system, build the sanjiang plain wetland ecosystem health hierarchical management system, respectively from the management system, policy mechanism are expounded and discussed in this paper.Sanjiang plain wetland is an important ecological resources and the environment protection barrier to the improvement of the sanjiang plain in heilongjiang province ecological environment, the protection of agricultural production, homeland security and the sustainable development of regional economic and social, has the important function and meaning. This paper hope can offer some Suggestions for wetland management in the region and the reference.