| Accompany with the development of Chinese industrialization, urbanization and modernization in recent years, the construction industry, as the basic industry, playing a more and more important role in the development of the national economy. Since the reform and opening up, Guangdong construction industry has made great achievements. But there are also many problems. This paper focuses on construction industry’s development environment, economic status and technical efficiency in Guangdong Province. It has a certain theoretical and practical significance to enhance their competitiveness and promoting regional economic growth. Achievements of this paper include:(1) Based on the theory of industry life cycle, Chinese construction industry’s life cycle stages in 1949 ~ 2013 are identified by Logistic growth model and Gompertz curve model. Found during the observation period, the construction industry has experienced the introduction stage, the growth stage and the early maturing period of industry life cycle. At present, the construction industry still maintains a growth momentum.(2) Chinese construction industry is a complete ecosystem constituted by economy, scale and technology. This paper uses ecological niche evaluation model based on ecological niche theory to evaluation research the ecological niche of construction industry of 31 provinces and autonomous regions during 2007~2012. Guangdong construction industry’s integrated ecological niche(0.0390) ranks tenth. Among them, scaled ecological niche(0.0442) ranks sixth, economic ecological niche(0.0400) ranks ninth, technology ecological niche(0.0329) ranks twelfth. So the regional competitiveness is at a medium level. Although with a certain scale and economic advantage, Guangdong construction industry’s scale, economy and technical level are still relatively backward compared with other provinces, especially the relative lack of technical level.(3) This paper builds a contribution model of Guangdong construction industry contribution to regional economy which is used to measure the relationship between the construction industry and region economy. Found that there is a certain linear correlation between added value of Guangdong construction industry and regional GDP. The average contribution degree of the construction industry to the regional overall economy is 2.94%, the average contribution rate is 18.52%, the thrust coefficient is 0.199 and the thrust degree is 0.3796. Guangdong construction industry makes up a large percentage of the contribution of industries to region economy, but the contribution is relatively weak.(4) By using the Leontief matrix of the input-output method, this paper has measured the relationship between the construction industry and other industries in Guangdong Province. The comprehensive direct consumption coefficient and the comprehensive total consumption coefficient of Guangdong construction industry to other 42 industrial sectors is 0.7614 and 2.3948. The comprehensive direct distribution coefficient and the comprehensive total distribution coefficient is 0.0129 and 0.0251. The circular direct correlation coefficient and the circular total correlation coefficient is 0.7744 and 2.4199. The influence coefficient is 1.21 and the response coefficient is 0.41. It shows that although Guangdong construction industry has strong demand for other industrial sectors, it has weak supply for them.(5) This paper uses improved Cobb-Douglas production function to quantitative analyze the capital, the labor and the comprehensive technology which are the basic elements of Guangdong construction industry. The elastic coefficient of capital investment impacts on GDP is only 0.0438, while the elastic coefficient of labor input to GDP is 0.9562. The impact of labor input on construction total output is significantly higher than the impact of capital investment. The average total factor productivity levels for 10.89%. To a certain extent the construction industry is still in the labor-intensive development stage.(6) This paper constructs nonparametric econometrics model(three-stage DEA) based on improved traditional DEA and super-efficiency DEA to research the construction industry’s production efficiency of 21 cities in Guangdong province. After stripping the influences of the external environment and the random error, the 21 cities’ overall averages of the super-efficiency, technical efficiency and scale efficiency respectively decrease from 0.754, 0.704 and 0.783 to 0.725, 0.697 and 0.775. But the 21 cities’ overall average of the pure technical efficiency increases from 0.899 to 0.900. The variable coefficient of the super-efficiency(0.268) is greater than the variable coefficient of the technical efficiency(0.217). The variable coefficient of the scale efficiency(0.208) is greater than the variable coefficient of the pure technical efficiency(0.116). It shows that the construction industry of 21 cities in Guangdong province is significant affected by the external factors.Based on the analysis of the above, the construction industry of Guangdong province has a good macro developmental environment. It has a certain scale and economic advantage along with a certain competitive pressure. It interacts with the second industry most closely and still mainly takes the development pattern of the high material and high energy-consumption. The capital element is relative lack and the labor element shows a general state, while the total factor productivity presents a good condition. In general, the mutual coordination degree of these three elements is low. The differences of the development level about the technical efficiency are large. Therefore, the Guangdong provincial government is suggested to actively advocate and carry out the green construction that has a low consumption about the material and the energy, continue to increase the financial support, and strongly support the construction enterprises to expand their scales. The construction industry should make full use of the good developmental environment, try its best to increase the regional competition ability, continue to strengthen the technical innovation ability, and further promote the development of the regional economy.The research achievements of this paper are objective and comprehensive. Its research ideas, collecting and processing data, judging and selecting index,modifying and improving the model, all of this provide a reference for other province to evaluate the economic contribution and the productive technical efficiency on construction industry. |
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